Strategic trade theory offers a way of conceptualizing and testing for strategic government interventions in imperfectly competitive international markets. This survey critically assesses recent empirical evidence, with a focus on food and agricultural markets. One finding is that while many international markets are characterized by oligopoly, price-cost markups tend to be small, and the poten...

The emergence of investor-owned firms as major actors in U.S. health care financing and delivery has led to calls for federal and state intervention to protect nonprofits and to stem the for-profit sector's growth. High-profile scandals involving some of these firms have lent urgency to such proposals. This paper considers the case for government intervention to protect the nonprofit health sec...

This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of government intervention through unemployment benefits on macroeconomic dynamics in an agent-based decentralized matching framework. The major result is that the presence of such a public intervention in the economy stabilizes the aggregate demand and the financial conditions of the system at the cost of a modest increase of both the inflation ...

This paper opens a new perspective from which one can explain the presence of government intervention in education even in the absence of human capital externality. It argues that consumption externalities can provide rationale for government intervention in education. Within the context of overlapping generations economy, it has also been shown that competitive equilibrium either underaccumula...

Using data from the World Values Survey and national-level indicators for 24 modern democracies, we assess the influence of social class and economic inequality on preferences for government responsibility. We improve on previous research by using multilevel models that account for differences in attitudes both within (i.e., over time) and across countries. Our findings are consistent with the ...

We develop a theoretical model in which firms are either private or state-owned. When firms become insolvent, the government can intervene with general measures, like subsidies, or by nationalizing firms. The government only intervenes when the bankruptcy of a firm entails social costs. In a stylized model, we analyze how government interventions affect allocative and productive efficiency. Nat...

This contribution deals firstly with the differences between market action and government action, and then explores the justification for government intervention based on concepts of economic efficiency and equity. The chapter then proceeds to discuss individual cases in which unregulated private market outcomes are generally considered to violate this criterion.

The Struggle over Migration Policy ∗ In this paper we analyze the endogenous determination of migration quota viewing it as an outcome of a two-stage political struggle between two interest groups: those in favor and those against the proposed migration quota. We first compare the proposed policies of the two interest groups under random behavior of the government, with and without lobbying. Th...

The World Health Organization reports noncommunicable disease as a global pandemic. While national and international health research/policy bodies, such as the World Health Organization and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, emphasize the importance of preventative health, there is a continuing distortion in the allocation of resources to curative health as a result of government f...

conclusions the results of this study showed that an educational intervention based on transtheoretical model can improve stages of change in physical activity behavior. it can also enhance cognitive factors such as perceived benefits and self-efficacy for exercise up to three months after the intervention, but over the time changes may decrease. results stages of change of physical activity in...