Concern has been expressed that the pace of play of golf has become too slow, i.e., that the amount of time spent waiting and the overall time required to play a full round of eighteen holes have become excessively long. It is natural to respond to this challenge by applying the principles of production and operations management, because successive groups of golfers playing on a conventional go...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of shaft stiffness on grip and clubhead kinematics. Two driver shafts with disparate levels of stiffness, but very similar inertial properties, were tested by 33 golfers representing a range of abilities. Shaft deflection data as well as grip and clubhead kinematics were collected from 14 swings, with each shaft, for each golfer using a...

The average golfer and most professionals play with two-piece, three-piece, or four-piece layered golf balls. A typical two-layered golf ball is composed of a crosslinked rubber core (polybutadiene or polyurethane) and a rigid and glassy outer skin (poly(methacrylic acid) ionomer. A crosslinked rubber is an ideal thermodynamic material that recovers completely after extensive impact (rubber ela...

Managing areas designed for human recreation so that they are compatible with natural amphibian populations can reduce the negative impacts of habitat destruction. We examined the potential for amphibians to complete larval development in golf course ponds in the presence or absence of overwintered bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana), which are frequently found in permanent, human-made ponds. ...

Title of Thesis: EVALUATION OF CONSERVATION STRIPS AS A CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL TECHNIQUE ON GOLF COURSES Steven D. Frank, Master of Science, 2003 Thesis directed by: Assistant Professor Paula M. Shrewsbury Department of Entomology Conservation strips combine the conservation biological control tactics of beetle banks and flowering insectary strips. Conservation strips were established ...

BACKGROUND Stress fractures are troublesome injuries. Sites of occurrence are activity-related and specific anatomical sites are endemic to certain sports. Little is known about stress fracture patterns in golf. OBJECTIVE A structured review of the literature was conducted to identify the occurrence and injury sites of golf-related stress fractures. METHODS A literature search of MEDLINE, C...

OBJECTIVES To assess the incidence and severity of head injuries to children sustained by a blow from a golf club or ball and to highlight the potential for significant injury. An increase in public awareness of these risks might result in a reduction in morbidity. METHODS Over a period of seven months, all children aged 3-13 years, attending the accident and emergency department with a head ...

The convergence of corticostriatal glutamate and dopamine from the midbrain in the striatal medium spiny neurons (MSN) triggers synaptic plasticity that underlies reinforcement learning and pathological conditions such as psychostimulant addiction. The increase in striatal dopamine produced by the acute administration of psychostimulants has been found to activate not only effectors of the AC5/...

Gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (GOLF) is a novel multidrug regimen inducing high levels of necrosis and apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells. This regimen is also able to promote a process of Ag remodeling including up-regulation of immunotherapy targets like carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA), thymidylate synthase (TS). We have conducted a preclinical study aimed to investigate ...

Golf has become an increasingly popular sport and a growing body of research trying to identify its main physical requirements is being published. The aim of this review was twofold: first, to examine the existing scientific literature regarding strength training and golf in healthy, non-injured, subjects; and second, to reach conclusions that could provide information on how to design more eff...