As complex systems, organizations face the challenge of continuing efficient operations and adapting to a changing environment. This challenge is often framed in the context of strategic leadership: leaders are seen as managing the tension between longand short-term objectives and between exploration and exploitation. This article looks at how leadership and the actions of leaders relate to the...

This research examines and explores the electronic commerce adoption and evaluation issues and practices of Australian SMEs during the planning and implementation stages. The results indicated that most SMEs failed to link their objectives for e-commerce adoption with their organizational goals as well as to involve users during the planning stage. In addition, pre-project justification process...

Objectives At the completion of this course, the reader should be able to: 1. Identify the anatomy and physiology of acetylcholine and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 2. Describe the method of action of neuromuscular blocking drugs. 3. Describe the available methods for monitoring recovery from neuromuscular blockade. 4. Discuss the options available to reverse neuromuscular blockade and the...

Correspondence to Professor Eoin O’Brien, The Blood Pressure Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland. Tel : +353 1 809 21qO; fax: i-353 1 809 3005; e-mail: [email protected] Introduction Experience with the protocols of the British Hypertension Society (BHS) and the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has provided valuable insight into the methodological problems a...

Human impacts on the planet are profound (Crutzen 2002), driving losses of biodiversity (Pimm et al. 2014), and ecosystem services (Costanza et al. 2014). Human population growth and climate change exacerbate these strains. Concern that conservation is not keeping pace has fueled debate regarding the effectiveness of traditional conservation strategies and how conservation org– anizations shoul...

Users of occupational exposure limits (OELs) often fail to distinguish between the complementary processes of risk assessment and exposure (risk) management. The former refers to those activities that lead to the selection of a reasonably protective exposure limit and often includes an analysis of exposure databases and an evaluation of group-based risk. The latter focuses on individual risk, a...

he financial crises that swept across Asia and Russia in 1998 are reshaping the leadership politics of the former communist countries. In Russia, the financial crisis has marginalized President Boris Yeltsin and brought to the political forefront a previously disenfranchised coalition of traditionalists. Ukraine’s political leadership is leaning in the direction of Europe. The leaders of the co...

The objectives of this paper is to develop the framework for business-to-business electronic commerce (B2B e-commerce) in developing countries like Malaysia with specific interest in the small to medium-size enterprises (SMEs) sector. This paper begins by identifying internal and external barriers collected from the available literature which the results are used to develop a framework for ecom...

In this article the author concentrates on what a leader need to believe and do in order to promote the high performance that will be required for organizational success in the 21st Century. His premise is that leader values are the guiding principles that determine leader behavior, which, in turn motivates and inspires follower behavior. The author describes twenty attitudes and associated beh...

The ability to collaborate productively is critical for individuals and organizations in order to operate effectively in today’s global environment. Effective collaboration allows corporations to identify and replicate operational best practices and to optimize business activities such as cross-selling and providing integrated solutions. Effective collaboration can also produce innovation, a ke...