Immigration and Public Spending We examine the effect of immigration on public spending from a theoretical (political economic) and an empirical perspective. We distinguish between public spending on private goods and on public goods. Our model implies that whether immigration increases or decreases public spending primarily depends on native’s preferences for private versus public good spendin...

One of the important aspects in the design of social protection is coverage. In Peru, as in most Latin American countries, social security participation is compulsory only for workers in the formal sector. There is a large sector of the population for which participation is voluntary. This paper investigates the determinants of enrolment to the pension system in Peru. In particular, we found th...

In this study, a multisectoral neo-classical type price driven CGE model, with the additional feature that it includes a mechanism by which public education expenditure to build human capital augments the supply of educated/skilled labour, is used to analyse the impact of an increase in the former, financed by an increase in direct tax rates, on economic growth and income distribution in the In...

9 Traffic speed and length-based vehicle classification data are critical inputs for traffic operations, 10 pavement design and maintenance, and transportation planning. However, they cannot be 11 measured directly by single-loop detectors, the most widely deployed type of traffic sensor in the 12 existing roadway infrastructure. In this study, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based 13 approach i...

This paper proposes a simple test for global identi…cation of Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators in models de…ned by conditional moment restrictions. The test is based on comparing two estimators, one which is always consistent, even under global identi…cation failure of the unconditional model, and the GMM estimator. It is shown that the test is able to detect Pitman alternatives, ...

In this paper, we propose a method based on GMM (the generalized method of moments) to estimate the parameters of stable distributions with 0 < α < 2. We don’t assume symmetry for stable distributions. AMS 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 62H12; Secondary 62F12, 62H12

Combining outputs from different classifiers to achieve high accuracy in classification task is one of the most active research areas in ensemble method. Although many state-of-art approaches have been introduced, no method is outstanding compared with the others on numerous data sources. With the aim of introducing an effective classification model, we propose a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) ba...

Released information in stock markets plays an important role in making decisions by agents like brokers, investors and other market activists. Rational decision-making in these markets will be possible if relevant and significant information is being released on-time. Otherwise, transparency and equality in the market is compromised. This study aims to respond to the question of whether offici...

This paper presents a novel automatic speaker age and gender identification approach which combines five different methods at the acoustic level to improve the baseline performance. The five subsystems are (1) Gaussian mixture model (GMM) system based on mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features, (2) Support vector machine (SVM) based on GMM mean supervectors, (3) SVM based on GMM maxi...

The ability to monitor cognitive load level in real time is extremely useful for preventing fatal operating errors or improving the efficiency of task execution. In top of the success of our previously proposed speech based cognitive load monitoring system, we explored alternative classification techniques in this paper, including simple linear kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM), hybrid SVM-GM...