In long-term two-bottle tests, mice from the C57BL/6ByJ (B6) strain drink more monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) and inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) compared with mice from the 129P3/J (129) strain. The goal of this study was to assess the role of afferent gustatory input in these strain differences. We measured integrated responses of the mouse chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves to lingual a...

elongation of the styloid process or stylohyoid ligament calcification is a well recognized finding of dental practice, and an incidence of 4 to 30 percent has been reported on radiographs. rarely, complete mineralization of the stylohyoid ligament or elongation of styloid process has been associated with difficulties in intubation and significant clinical symptoms, which is termed eagle’s synd...

one of the important causes of strabismus in all ages is extraocular muscles paralysis due to 3rd, 4th and 6th cerebral nerve palsies. exact and on-time treatment can result in improvement of deviation, am-blyopia and abnormal head posture. we studied epidemiological characteristics of extraocular muscles paralysis. this retrospective study performed on 131 subjects (58% male). records of patie...

due to outgrowthis from the axis cylinders of the proximal and somatic nerves in the cat, and examining these nerves histologically some time after union has taken place. By using somatic and sympathetic nerves it is comparatively easy to determine to what extent the peripheral nerve is replaced by the proximal one. It is shown that in all cases the functional part of the peripheral nerve is pr...

BACKGROUND Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is an uncommon craniofacial pain syndrome. It is characterized by a sudden onset lancinating pain usually localized in the sensory distribution of the IX cranial nerve associated with excessive vagal outflow, which leads to bradycardia, hypotension, syncope, or cardiac arrest. This study aims to review our surgical experience performing microvascular ...

Although the debt of the neurosurgeon to the neuroanatomist is virtually incalculable, nowhere is it greater than in the case of surgical interruption of the socalled “pain pathways,” where the results reflect the knowledge of the anatomy. One purpose of the present study was to make medullary trigeminal tractotomy a precise operation for the relief of intractable pain deep in the ear and in th...

Forty-two neurons that responded to electrical stimulation of at least one of four nerves, the chorda tympani (CT), the lingual-tonsillar branch of the glossopharyngeal (LT-IXth) nerve, the pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal (PH-IXth) nerve and the superior laryngeal (SL) nerve, were identified from the insular cortex by using glass microelectrodes in paralysed and anesthetized rats. Fou...

Military plastic surgeons perform reconstructive surgeries for various congenital, oncologic, and traumatic craniofacial injuries or deformities. Recently, our Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Plastic Surgery team was tasked to care for a woman who bravely sought a new and better life in the United States after she suffered amputation of her nose and bilateral ears while in her home...

The petrosal ganglion contains most of the perikarya of sensory neurons of the glossopharyngeal nerve. We studied the number and size of neuronal somata in 4 petrosal ganglia from adult cats. Ganglia were serially sectioned in length at 8 microns, sections drawn through a projection microscope, and those neuronal profiles presenting nuclei and nucleoli on each section were counted and their are...