Biotrophic fungi interacting with plants establish long-term relationships with their hosts to fulfill their life cycles. In contrast to necrotrophs, they need to contend with the defense mechanisms of the plant to develop within the host and feed on living cells. It is generally accepted that microbial pathogens produce and deliver a myriad of effector proteins to hijack the cellular program o...

The potential benefits of inoculation with AM (arbuscular mycorrhizal) fungi were investigated on Atlas Cypress (Cupressus atlantica G.), an endemic Cupressacea in Morocco. The parameters under study were (i) the growth of the plant, (ii) the functional diversity of soil microflora and (iii) the rock phosphate (RP) solubilizing activity. C. atlantica growth was measured after 12 months of cultu...

Abstract In order to study the effect of different soil amended and biological fertilizers on accumulation nitrogen phosphorous in wheat grain some physiological morphological characteristics wheat, this experiment was performed as a split factorial arranged randomized block design with 32 treatment three replication for 2 years. The treatments included mycorrhiza inoculation main factor (witho...

this experiment was conducted in 2012 at the research field of alborz research station, research institute of forests and rangelands, karaj, iran, to study the effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on sage (salvia officinalis l.) and replacing biofertilizers instead of high doses of chemical fertilizers. the experiment was conducted in factorial in the form of a randomized complete bloc...

For sustainable agriculture to succeed, especially in the production of organic food, use biofertilizers and biopesticides is essential. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis important for improving plant development through increased nutrient intake, soil stabilization, carbon sequestration creation glomalin, a distinct specialized protein. It was not determined whether glomalin affects soil-borne ...

The tolerance of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Romana) to drought stress differed with the arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungal isolate with which the plants were associated. Seven fungal species belonging to the genus Glomus were studied for their ability to enhance the drought tolerance of lettuce plants. These fungi had different traits that affected the drought resistance of host plants. T...

To study the effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on growth and essential oil content of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), the present work was conducted in 2012-2013 at the experimental field of Alborz Research Station of the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was conducted in factorial in the form of a randomized complete block design wit...

background and objectives: one of the most important limiting factors of crop growth in the arid and semi-arid regions, is water deficit stress. mycorrhizal fungi are one of the most important microorganisms in the rhizosphere. the effects of these fungi apply via changes on some of the characteristics of roots and nutrient uptake in host plants in drought conditions. however, symbiotic mycorrh...