in this paper we emphasize the importance of questioning the global validity of significant concepts underpinning global health policy. this implies questioning the concept of global health as such and accepting that there is no global definition of the global. further, we draw attention to ‘quality’ and ‘empowerment’ as examples of world-forming concepts. these concepts are exemplary for the g...

In validated branch and bound algorithms for global optimization, upper bounds on the global optimum are obtained by evaluating the objective at an approximate optimizer; the upper bounds are then used to eliminate subregions of the search space. For constrained optimization, in general, a small region must be constructed within which existence of a feasible point can be proven, and an upper bo...

Over the past decade, global health has evolved from a buzzword to a discipline, attracting interest from governments, academic institutions and funding organisations. Global health centres, institutes and initiatives in Western countries have increased in both size and number, aided primarily by institutional backing and supportive funding mechanisms. As the rise to prominence of global health...

Vaccination considered as one of the most cost-effective health interventions worldwide  through prevention and control of many serious childhood diseases (1). It is estimated  global coverage of  Dose 3 of Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP3)among children one year old has been 86% in 2014 (by range from 77% to 96%  in African Region and Western Pacific Region; respectively) (2). Globally...

From the first reported case of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on December 30, 2019 in Wuhan, China, the number of confirmed cases of the disease has been increased continuously and exponentially up to now. The event has emerged as a clear threat to global health such that the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the outbreak of the disease a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The ...

Multi-class image classification has made significant advances in recent years through the combination of local and global features. This paper proposes a novel approach called hierarchical conditional random field (HCRF) that explicitly models region adjacency graph and region hierarchy graph structure of an image. This allows to set up a joint and hierarchical model of local and global discri...

land-use change has strong effects on ecosystem properties, especially on soil carbon storage and it increased global atmospheric co2. degradation and loss of area and quality of hyrcanian forests are the biggest problems in these forests. one of the most important solutions to taking care of these problems is increasing plantations in these areas. therefore, investigation of the effects of dif...