Each tooth was then placed upon the reticulated zirconia in the thermal containment box and the technique of Microwave Hybrid Heating (MHH) was applied. The temperature measurements were taken every two minutes. We attempted to sinter the teeth in the microwave furnace with both fast and gradual heating rate (per minute) by manipulating the power rate. The power was increased gradually for few ...

Deposits can affect the in-furnace wall surface temperature in a Kraft recovery furnace. In CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models of the Kraft recovery furnace, the wall surface temperature is frequently used as the heat-transfer boundary condition. Therefore, the effect of deposits must be taken into account in CFD models. In this work, CFD simulations of a Kraft recovery furnace were perf...

Several industrial processes produce large amounts of heavy metals-rich wastes, which could be considered as “trash-can raw materials”. The incorporation in ceramic systems can be regarded as a key process to permanently incorporate hazardous heavy metals in stable matrixes. In particular the aim of this work is to prepare and evaluate environmental risk assessment of coloured glass and glass-c...

In 1950 V. A. Bohusevich carried out the first stationary excavations in Kyiv Podil which unearthed archaeological sites with remains of ironwork, glasswork and woodworking. One them, an assemblage glass processing was interpreted as a workshop where bracelets, rings smalt were made. It dated by copper coin Alexei Comnenus to years his reign — 1081—1118. However, despite such craft complex foun...

The efficiency of the application of high-emissivity coatings on the furnace walls in steam cracking technology can only be evaluated on the asis of a description of radiative heat transfer distinguishing between the frequency bands. To this end, a non-grey gas radiation model based on he exponential wide band model (EWBM) has been developed and applied in the context of three-dimensional CFD s...

It has been known that a high-emissivity furnace provides an energy-efficient alternative to a conventional furnace [1,2]. To improve the efficiency of a furnace, ceramic coatings with high emissivity are often applied to the interior of the furnace. The purpose of this paper is to show the amount of electrical energy-saving achieved by emissive carbon coating for a tubular vacuum-furnace. Alum...

We report the solubility of water in Apollo 15 basaltic ‘Yellow Glass’ and an iron-free basaltic analog composition at 1 atm and 1350 °C. We equilibrated melts in a 1-atm furnace with flowing H2/CO2 gas mixtures that spanned ~8 orders of magnitude in fO2 (from three orders of magnitude more reducing than the iron-wüstite buffer, IW−3.0, to IW+4.8) and ~4 orders of magnitude in pH2/pH2O (from 0....

In this work, the effects of scale on thermal behavior of the slab in a walking-beam type reheating furnace is studied by considering scale formation and growth in a furnace environment. Also, mathematical heat transfer model to predict the thermal radiation in a complex shaped reheating furnace with slab and skid buttons is developed with combined nongray WSGGM and blocked-off solution procedu...

Ethylene cracking furnace system is the heart of ethylene production. It can process different raw materials in the pipe group of each furnace and can produce the main chemical products like ethylene, propylene and ethane. In the real world ethylene plant, there are two operation modes in the furnace system, one has a backup furnace in the system and the other is with all the furnaces available...