Gingival hyperpigmentation is mostly caused by the physiologic deposition of melanin by melanocytes. Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva is completely benign and does not present a medical problem. In "Gummy Smile" Patients, melanin gingival hyperpigmentation causes an esthetic problem and physiologic disturbances. Many methods are now available for depigmentation of the gingival. This paper re...

Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is frequently associated with three particular drugs: phenytoin, cyclosporin, and nifedipine. As gingival enlargement develops, it affects the normal oral hygiene practice and may interfere with masticatory functions. The awareness in the medical community about this possible side effect of nifedipine is less when compared to the effects of phenytoin and cyclosp...

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the vasoconstrictor experimental gingival retraction agents (VEGRAs) in a dynamic setting. The strong cytotoxic effects of the astringent-based conventional gingival retraction agents (ACGRAs) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in vitro was our motivation to evaluate the biocompatibility of the vasoconstrictor-based exper...

This article has summarized observations and results of controlled laboratory and clinical studies of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia associated with phenytoin, cyclosporine, and nifedipine use. Furthermore, information regarding the pharmacologic aspects of these medications is presented. More information is needed for a greater understanding of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia. It appears ...

Oral tissues show different response and behavior to different oral diseases and treatment procedures. A clinically healthy periodontium has shown to have a varied phenotypic appearance differing from subject to subject. Several researchers, onlookers, academicians, and clinicians have tried to study in their ways about these different gingival entities. Apart from, various local factors, host ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Lysine-specific gingipain (Kgp) is a virulence factor secreted from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major etiological bacterium of periodontal disease. Keratin intermediate filaments maintain the structural integrity of gingival epithelial cells, but are targeted by Kgp to produce a novel cytokeratin 6 fragment (K6F). We investigated the release of K6F and its ind...

Gingival overgrowth is an undesirable outcome of systemic medication and is evidenced by the accretion of collagenous components in gingival connective tissues along with diverse degrees of inflammation. Phenytoin therapy has been found to induce the most fibrotic lesions in gingiva, cyclosporine caused the least fibrotic lesions, and nifedipine induced intermediate fibrosis in drug‑induced gin...

PURPOSE The concept of gingival biotype has been used as a predictor of periodontal therapy outcomes since the 1980s. In the present study, prospective and controlled experiments were performed to compare periodontal pocket depth (PPD) reduction and gingival shrinkage (GSH) after scaling and root planing (SRP) according to gingival biotype. METHODS Twenty-five patients diagnosed with chronic ...

BACKGROUND Gingival hyperplasia is a known complication of cyclosporin therapy. Although plaque control has been shown to be of benefit, gingival surgery is occasionally necessary. The aim of this study was to review the effect of a short-course therapy with azithromycin in renal transplant patients with cyclosporin-induced gingival hyperplasia. METHODS Thirty-eight patients received 500 mg/d...