background: organic nitrates relax all kinds of smooth muscle , not only vascular smooth muscle , a fact that has allowed the use of these drugs to treat many different aliments. objective.-the purpuse of this study was to examine prosepectively benefical effects , if any, of sublingual nitroglycerin on the pain of renal colic. design.- prospective , randomised , double blind, placebo- contoled...

abstract the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a rather newly developed method in language teaching that is the use of paragraph reading task and whole reading task and their effects on improving efl learner’s speaking ability. to fulfill the purpose of the study, first 90 participants studying their course at sa eedi high school in tehran were chosen by means of ...

this study attempts to investigate the effect of peers’ revision in comparison to that of the teacher, and whether peers’ comments and teachers’ comments facilitate students’ revision? if yes, which one is more effective? also attempts have been made to see which aspects of language are more highlighted by peers versus teachers when commenting. besides, it is investigating the student’s attitud...

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of deitary protein density (low, medium and high) and nano adjuvant on performance, antibody titres against Newcastle disease and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Two hundred fourty one-day old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to six dietary treatments based on a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangment of 2×3...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic acids and phytase enzyme supplementation on immune system and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. The experiment was done in factorial arrangement 2×2×2 based on completely randomized design with 8 treatments, 5 replicates and 12 chicks in each to 42 d of age. Diets including natural vinegar (0 and 2%), citric acid (0 and 1...

1. to determine whether difference in birth body mass influenced growth performance in pipistrellus kuhlii we studied a total of 12 captive-born neonates. bats were assigned to two body mass groups: light birth body mass (lbw: 0.89 ± 0.05, n=8) and heavy birth body mass (hbw: 1.35 ± 0.08, n=4). heavier body mass at birth was associated with rapid postnatal growth (body mass and forearm length) ...