Part A reviews the basic estimation theory of the generalized method of moments (GMM) and Part B deals with optimal instrumental variables. 1 For the most part, we restrict attention to iid observations. Linear Regression Economists often use linear regression to quantify a relationship between economic variables. A linear regression between y and x is a relationship of the form y = x 0 β + ε (...

I examine the relationship between board of director’s (BoD) education and firm performance on a European dataset over the period from 1999 to 2013, employing a well-developed dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator to alleviate endogeneity issue in corporate governance study. I find no correlation between BoD education and firm’s return on asset, after accounting for endoge...

Time-varying volatility is common in macroeconomic data and has been incorporated into macroeconomic models in recent work. Dynamic panel data models have become increasingly popular in macroeconomics to study common relationships across countries or regions. This paper estimates dynamic panel data models with stochastic volatility by maximizing an approximate likelihood obtained via Rao-Blackw...

The aims of this paper are estimate and forecast the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment, or nairu, for Brazilian unemployment time series data. In doing so, we introduce a methodology for estimating mixed additive seasonal autoregressive (masar) models, by the Generalized Method of Moments (gmm). Furthermore, in order to cover a lack in econometric literature, an asymptotic theory ...

2. In practice, researchers find it useful that GMM estimators can be constructed without specifying the full data generating process (which would be required to write down the maximum likelihood estimator.) This has been the case in the study of single equations in a simultaneous system, in the study of potentially misspecified dynamic models designed to match target moments, and in the constr...

The Japanese electricity industry has experienced regulatory reforms since the mid-1990s. This article measures productivity in Japan’s steam power-generation sector and examines the effect of reforms on the productivity of this industry over the period 1978–2003. We estimate the Luenberger productivity indicator, which is a generalization of the commonly used Malmquist productivity index, usin...

The estimation of a linear equation from panel data with measurement errors is considered. The equation is estimated (I) by methods operating on the equation in differenced period means, and (II) by Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) procedures using (a) the equation in differences with instruments in levels and (b) the equation in levels with instruments in differences. Both difference transf...

This paper tests whether consumption pattern in Korea exhibits a time-inconsistent discounting behavior using a quasi-hyperbolic Euler equation estimated by the generalized method of moments (GMM). In particular, we examine whether consumers change their discounting behavior during financial crises in 1997 and 2008. The estimation results show that Korean consumers exhibit a time-inconsistent q...

This paper applies two alternative methods of estimation, viz., fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM), to analyse the determinants of the capital structure of Indian firms using a panel of 1169 non-financial firms listed in either the Bombay Stock Exchange or the National Stock Exchange over the period 1995–2008. The results thus obtained are robust across the estim...