SWEETs (sugars will eventually be exported transporters) have various physiological and biochemical roles in plant growth, including pollen development, seed nourishment, nectar secretion, longer-distance sugar transportation. The SWEET genes were identified species, but they not yet been thoroughly characterized. Here, we discovered 21 putative from the Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. genome. For f...

This paper reviews the authors work on the idea of employing the mechanism of gene duplication in explaining the di erences between a gene and species trees Three existing approaches are presented as based on a tree mapping b annotating duplication and c copying duplication modeling Correspondences between a and b and b and c are mathematically explored It is proven in particular that approache...

When gene copies are sampled from various species, the resulting gene tree might disagree with the containing species tree. The primary causes of gene tree and species tree discord include lineage sorting, horizontal gene transfer, and gene duplication and loss. Each of these events yields a different parsimony criterion for inferring the (containing) species tree from gene trees. With lineage ...

Duplication of genes or genomes provides the raw material for evolutionary innovation. After duplication a gene may be lost, recombine with another gene, have its function modified or be retained in an unaltered state. The fate of duplication is usually studied by comparing extant genomes and reconstructing the most likely ancestral states. Valuable as this approach is, it may miss the most rap...

The Gene-Duplication Problem is the problem of computing the optimal species tree for a given set of gene trees under the Gene-Duplication Model ((rst introduced by Goodman et al.). The problem is known to be NP-complete. We give a xed-parameter tractable algorithm solving the problem parameterized by the number of gene duplications necessary to rectify the gene trees with the species tree.

Subsequent to the two rounds of whole-genome duplication that occurred in the common ancestor of vertebrates, a third genome duplication occurred in the stem lineage of teleost fishes. This teleost-specific genome duplication (TGD) is thought to have provided genetic raw materials for the physiological, morphological, and behavioral diversification of this highly speciose group. The extreme phy...

In this paper, we define duplication corona, duplication neighborhood corona and duplication edge corona of two graphs. We compute their adjacency spectrum, Laplacian spectrum and signless Laplacian. As an application, our results enable us to construct infinitely many pairs of cospectral graphs and also integral graphs.

Vertebrate genomes are larger than invertebrates and show evidence of extensive gene duplication, including many collinear chromosomal segments. On the basis of this intra-genomic synteny, it has been proposed that two rounds of whole genome duplication (octaploidy) occurred early in the vertebrate lineage. Recently, this early vertebrate octaploidy has been challenged on the basis of gene tree...

Many organisms can generate alternative phenotypes from the same genome, enabling individuals to exploit diverse and variable environments. A prevailing hypothesis is that such adaptation has been favored by gene duplication events, which generate redundant genomic material that may evolve divergent functions. Vertebrate examples of recent whole-genome duplications are sparse although one examp...