Three patients with paralysed horizontal gaze are presented. Involuntary use of convergence to assist horizontal gaze was noted as a late feature. All patients showed (1) unilateral or bilateral horizontal gaze palsy (two patients had one and a half syndrome, the other had bilateral nuclear sixth nerve palsies), (2) adduction of both eyes on attempted gaze into the paralysed field, (3) miosis w...

Extraocular movements were investigated in a patient with bilateral vascular lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The patient showed voluntary and reflex horizontal gaze consistent with his lesion, but had absent reflex vertical gaze. Voluntary vertical gaze was present. Necropsy was performed, and the findings suggest that the medial longitudinal fasciculi in the pons conveys impulse...

Prior physiological studies indicate that gaze direction modulates the gain of neural responses to visual stimuli. Here, we test gaze modulation in the perceptual domain using color and depth aftereffects. After confirming retinotopy of the effects, we employed a balanced alternating adaptation paradigm (adaptation alternates between opponent stimuli) to demonstrate that opposite color and dept...

The gaze behavior of homonymous hemianopes differs from that of visually intact observers when performing simple laboratory tasks. To test whether such compensatory behavior is also evident during naturalistic tasks, we analyzed the gaze patterns of three long-standing hemianopes and four visually intact controls while they assembled wooden models. No significant differences in task performance...

This paper reports how shy people perceive different amount of gaze from a virtual agent and how their perception of the gaze affects comfortableness of the interaction. Our preliminary results indicate shy people are sensitive to even a very low amounts of gaze from the agent. However, contrary to our expectations, as the amounts of gaze from the agent increases, shy people had more favorable ...

• In the current research, two experiments detail how eye-gaze orientation (direct vs. averted) modulates how perceivers process faces. • Experiment 1 finds that averted gaze disrupts configural face encoding (compared to direct eye-gaze) using a version of the composite face procedure. • Experiment 2 manipulates whether perceivers can engage in configural encoding using face-inversion, and fin...

The role of vision in implicit and explicit processes involved in adaptation to novel visuomotor transformations is not well-understood. We manipulated subjects' gaze locations through instructions during a visuomotor rotation task that established a conflict between implicit and explicit processes. Subjects were informed of a rotated visual feedback (45° counterclockwise from the desired targe...

Predefined sequences of eye movements, or ‘gaze gestures’, can be consciously performed by humans and monitored non-invasively using remote video oculography. Gaze gestures hold great potential in human–computer interaction, HCI, as long as they can be easily assimilated by potential users, monitored using low cost gaze tracking equipment and machine learning algorithms are able to distinguish ...

PURPOSE To investigate the changes occurring in the axial length, choroidal thickness, and anterior biometrics of the eye during a 10-minute near task performed in downward gaze. METHODS Twenty young adult subjects (10 emmetropes and 10 myopes) participated in this study. To measure ocular biometrics in downward gaze, an optical biometer was inclined on a custom-built height- and tilt-adjusta...

When conversing and collaborating in everyday situations, people naturally and interactively align their behaviors with each other across various communication channels, including speech, gesture, posture, and gaze. Having access to a partner's referential gaze behavior has been shown to be particularly important in achieving collaborative outcomes, but the process in which people's gaze behavi...