The regulation of gastrin gene transcription was studied in GH4 pituitary cells transfected with constructs comprised of the first exon of the human gastrin gene and various lengths of 5' regulatory sequences ligated upstream of the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Gastrin reporter gene activity in GH4 cells was equal to the activity of a reporter gene transcribed from the endog...

Studies were performed in anesthetized opossums to determine the influence of binding of circulating gastrin with a high titer gastrin antiserum on lower esophageal sphincter pressure. Gastrin antiserum or control antiserum was administered intravenously in successive doses of 0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 ml/kg on separate days. The lower esophageal sphincter pressures were measured for 1 h before and fo...

BACKGROUND Growth hormone (GH), Insulin-like growth factor-I (somatomedine, IGF-I) and gastrin seem to play a significant role in cell proliferation in mammalian and rat cells. The role of these factors in the etiology of gastric and large bowel cancer has not been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to concurrently estimate the levels of GH, IGF-I and gastrin in a group of patient...

1. Acid secretion and rate of histamine formation in the gastric mucosa were determined in rats after injection of hog gastrin II, gastrin pentapeptide and some substituted analogues of the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin.2. Accelerated mucosal histamine formation was induced by hog gastrin II, gastrin pentapeptide and those analogues which elicited acid secretion, whereas secretorily inacti...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) can stimulate both gastrin and somatostatin (SOM) secretion, but, as gastrin increases SOM and SOM in turn inhibits gastrin, the overall endpoint in terms of gastrin output is variable. To examine the mechanisms involved, we compared the effects of GRP on gastrin secretion in normal sheep and sheep chronically immunized against SOM. In the normal animal, GRP had ...

The interpretation of gastrin release is confused because of variation in the technique of the radioimmuoassay of gastrin, the lack of a standard stimulus for the release of gastrin and diversity in the method used to express the results. These problems have been analysed (a) by examining the cross-reactivity of three gastrin antisera and using each of the antisera to measure basal gastrin leve...

Previous studies have demonstrated that antral somatostatin exerts inhibitory effects on gastrin cells via paracrine pathways, accomplished by its release from somatostatin-containing cells into the immediate interstitial environment of the gastrin cell. The present studies were directed to examine the effect of somatostatin on gastrin gene transcription in the dog antrum and to determine wheth...

Wang, Timothy C., and Graham J. Dockray. Lessons From Genetically Engineered Animal Models. I. Physiological studies with gastrin in transgenic mice. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G6–G11, 1999.—The role of gastrin in the regulation of gastrointestinal growth and acid secretion has been addressed through recent studies involving transgenic and knockout mice. The role of ...