BACKGROUND: Avian influenza (AI) viruses have been isolated from a wide diversity of free-living avian species representing several orders. Since 1998, H9N2 AI outbreaks have been one of the major problems in Iranian poultry industry. In 2006, H5N1 was reported in swans in the north of Iran first , but until now there has been no official report from commercial flocks in Iran. OBJECTIVES: The...

OBJECTIVE To determine gun storage practices in gun-owning households with children. DESIGN National random digit-dial telephone survey of 2521 households conducted in March 1999 through July 1999. This study uses a subsample of 434 households with children <18 years old in which a respondent reported either: 1) personally owning a gun, or 2) living in a gun-owning household but not owning a ...

One rare and interesting species collected from Seorak-san, Inje-gun; Yeonyeop-san, Hongcheon-gun; Daeam-san, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do; Pocheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do; Songni-san, Boeun-gun; Joryeong-san, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do and Sobaeksan, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do is described and illustrated in detail. The species "Protodaedalea hispida Imazeki" and genus "Protodaedalea Iamzeki" has not ...

Gun violence is a leading cause of premature deaths in the United States. Evidence has linked higher levels of firearm ownership to an increased risk for violent crimes perpetrated with a firearm. Given that connection, the goal of this study is to use mathematical modeling techniques to better understand how different social conditions may impact gun-ownership rate. To accomplish that goal, we...

OBJECTIVE Racism is related to policies preferences and behaviors that adversely affect blacks and appear related to a fear of blacks (e.g., increased policing, death penalty). This study examined whether racism is also related to gun ownership and opposition to gun controls in US whites. METHOD The most recent data from the American National Election Study, a large representative US sample, ...

This paper examines the merit of two propositions at the center of the debate on gun control in the aftermath of mass shootings in the United States: (1) gun violence and mass shootings are a cultural artifact (gun enthusiast perspective); (2) gun violence and mass shootings are more prevalent due to lax regulations (pro-gun control perspective). To evaluate the value of each proposition, the s...

This paper provides new estimates of the effect of household gun prevalence on homicide rates, and infers the marginal external cost of handgun ownership. The estimates utilize a superior proxy for gun prevalence, the percentage of suicides committed with a gun, which we validate. Using countyand state-level panels for 20 years, we estimate the elasticity of homicide with respect to gun prevale...

The purpose of the present study is to determine the effects of gun control laws and gun ownership rates on state-level suicide rates. Using the most recent data on suicide rates, gun control measures, and gun ownership rates, the results of the present study suggest that states that require handgun permits have lower gun-related suicide rates, and states that have higher gun ownership rates ha...