Dosimetry is the science of measuring radiation dosage. The absorbed dose of radiation is measured in a unit called “gray” (Gy). Radiation dosage measurements and ensuring they are as accurate as possible are important if the benefits of the application of nuclear technology in health care are to be harnessed. Radioactive processes and radiation are utilized in many health related technologies,...

Introduction The Gamma Knife system is designed solely for non-invasive treatment of brain disorders, and it benefits from stereotactic surgical techniques. Dose calculations required in the system are performed by GammaPlan code; in this code, brain tissue is considered uniform. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of Gamma Knife system on the obtained dose through simulating a real ...

The gamma field accompanying neutrons may, in certain circumstances, play an important role in the analysis of neutron dosimetry and even in the interpretation of radiation induced steel embrittlement. At the figh Flux Isotope Reactor pressure vessel the gamma-induced reactions dominate the responses of ' W p and 238u dosimeters, and9Be helium accumulation fluence monitors. The gamma induced at...

Organized by Working Group 6 “Computational Dosimetry” of the European Radiation Dosimetry (EURADOS), a group intercomparison exercises was conducted in which participants were asked to solve predefined problems computational dosimetry. The results these comparisons published series articles this virtual special issue Measurements. This paper reviews experience gained from various and highlight...

Introduction: Active personal dosimeters (APDs) are well accepted as useful and reliable instruments for individual dosimetry measurements. APDs have many advantages compared with passive dosimeters for individual external radiation dose assessments. In routine monitoring, occupational exposure is carried out for verification and demonstration of compliance with the regulatory dose limits. So, ...

This work investigated the suitability of passive dosimeters for reference dosimetry in small fields with acceptable accuracy. Absorbed dose to water rate was determined in nine small radiation fields with diameters between 4 and 35 mm in a Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) and a modified linear accelerator (linac) for stereotactic radiosurgery treatments. Measurements were made using Gafchromic film (...

background: ionizing radiation is present in all environment of the earth’s surface, beneath the earth and in the atmosphere. human beings are exposed to external radiation from their surroundings naturally and also to internal radiation from food, water and air they consume. then, it is important to measure and develop knowledge about radiation. objective: this study is designed to evaluate th...

background: the aim of this work was to establish how well gel dosimeters performed, as substitutes for brain tissue compared with standard phantom materials such as water, polymethyl-methacrylate (or pmma), a150 plastic and te- liquid phantom material for dosimetry of neutron beams in boron neutron capture therapy. materials and methods: thermal neutron fluence, photon dose and epithermal neut...

Since 1950 about 87 000 A-bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki have been monitored within the framework of the Life Span Study, to quantify radiation-induced late effects. In terms of incidence and mortality, a statistically significant excess was found for leukemia and solid tumors. In another major international effort, neutron and gamma radiation doses were estimated, for those survivo...

The electronic portal imaging device (EPID) has the potential to be used for in vivo dosimetry during radiation therapy as an additional dose delivery check. In this study we have extended a method developed by A. Piermattei and colleagues in 2006 that made use of EPID transit images (acquired during treatment) to calculate dose in the isocenter point. The extension allows calculation of two-di...