Hybrid integrator–gain systems (HIGS) are nonlinear elements designed for overcoming fundamental limitations of linear time-invariant integrators. This paper presents numerically robust conditions time-domain stability and performance HIGS-controlled systems. In particular, using piecewise quadratic (PWQ) Lyapunov functions defined over polyhedral subregions the state-space, computations upper-...

As skin is a readily accessible organ of the body, it acts as the portal of entry for extraneous substances for their effective transdermal delivery. Possessing various advantages, it has the limitation of low permeability of drugs across it, limiting the efficacy of drugs. Therefore, various carrier systems have been developed to enhance the permeation deep into the systemic circulation. The p...

Three trials, using a total of 1,320 male broilers, were conducted to study the effect of air velocity at 125 m/min on body weight gain and feed: gain. The broilers were placed on litter in pens in a wind tunnel or on litter in floor pens with conventional cross ventilation when 4 wk old. Except for air velocity, the conditions in the floor pens and the tunnel were the same. In Trials 1 and 2, ...