Abstract Exhausted immune responses to chronic diseases represent a major challenge global health. To explore their cell fate and plasticity in exhaustion, we analyzed CD4+T cells mouse model with regulatable antigen presentation. When the are driven through effector phase, then exposed different levels of persistent antigen, they lose Th1 functions, upregulate exhaustion markers, resemble natu...

Abstract We identified the lowest composition necessary to generate a vaccination adjuvant that promotes Treg response following immunization in mice and named it “complete tolerogenic adjuvant.” This novel may allow us utilize well-established “antigen plus adjuvant” method of induce cell-mediated antigen-specific immunosuppression. The minimal is dexamethasone, rapamycin, monophosphoryl lipid...

computational tools are reliable alternatives to laborious work in chimeric protein design. in this study, a chimeric antigen was designed using computational techniques for simultaneous detection of anti-htlv-i and anti-hbv in infected sera. databases were searched for amino acid sequences of hbv/hlv-i diagnostic antigens. the immunodominant fragments were selected based on propensity scales. ...

Using a standard microcytotoxicity (NIH) technique of tissue typing, the HLA-B27 antigen was identified in 30 out of 34 patients (HH.2%) with classical ankylosing spondylitis (AS), compared to 6 out of 70 controls (H.6%) (P < 0.005). We also found this antigen in 8 out of 76 (10.5%) patients with non-AS arthritis.

Nanoparticles (NPs) are effective and safe adjuvants for antigen delivery in modern vaccinology. Biodegradable nanomaterials with suitable properties are frequently applied for conjugation or loading with antigens; they protect the antigens from degradation in vivo. NPs are applied as effective delivery system to facilitate antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and especially dendri...

hepatitis b surface antigen is the first genetically engineered vaccine licensed for human use. various strategies have been proposed to obtain a vaccine that would bypass the need for injection. in this study, a non-toxic portion of heat-stable enterotoxin of escherichia coli that is capable of adhering to epithelial cells was inserted at amino acid position 112 of hepatitis surface antigen. t...

background: different studies have demonstrated that a small proportion of healthy individuals receiving the hepatitis b (hb) vaccine do not produce protective levels of anti-hb antibody, a phenomenon which could be linked to certain human leukocyte an-tigen (hla) class-ii alleles or haplotypes. objectives: the present study was under-taken to determine the frequency of hla class-ii alleles in ...

conclusions based on our study, in vivo prepared e/sa may be considered as a good candidate for animal immunization. results our results showed that the serum levels of anti-e/sa immunoglobulins significantly increased in all of the immunized groups. the differences of the serum levels of tgf-β between the groups were statistically significant at days 28 and 56 after immunization with e/sa. bac...