generalization of Rosenfeld's fuzzy subgroup, and Bhakat and Das's fuzzy subgroup is given in [20]. Lie algebras are so-named in honor of Sophus Lie, a Norwegian mathematician who pioneered the study of these mathematical objects. Lie's discovery was tied to his investigation of continuous transformation groups and symmetries. The structure of the laws in physics is largely based on symmetries....

The present study introduces the concepts of ideal convergence (I-convergence), Cauchy (I-Cauchy) sequences, I *-convergence, and *-Cauchy sequences in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. It defines I-limit I-cluster points as a sequence these Afterward, it examines some their basic properties. Lastly, paper discusses whether phenomena should be further investigated.

In this paper, we apply the concept of an intuitionistic fuzzy set to closed ideals in BCI-algebras. The notion of an intuitionistic fuzzy closed ideal of a BCI-algebra is introduced, and some related properties are investigated. Characterizations of an intuitionistic fuzzy closed ideal are also given.

Characteristic, normal and completely normal intuitionistic fuzzy left h-ideals of hemirings are described. Key–Words: Hemiring, intuitionistic fuzzy left h-ideal, normal fuzzy set, fuzzy characteristic.

The intent of this article is to study the concept of an   , k q  -intuitionistic fuzzy ideal and   , k q  -intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal of subtraction algebras and to introduce some related properties. 2010 AMS Classification: 06F35, 03G25, 08A72.

In this paper we characterize those hemirings for which each k-ideal is idempotent. We also characterize those hemirings for which each fuzzy k-ideal is idempotent. The space of prime k-ideals (fuzzy k-prime k-ideals) is topologized.

In this paper we introduce the concept of fuzzy generalized bi-ideal of a Γsemigroup, which is an extension of the concept of a fuzzy bi-ideal of a Γsemigroup and characterize regular Γ-semigroups in terms of fuzzy generalized bi-ideals. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification(2000): 08A72, 20M12, 3F55

In this paper, we initiate the study of prime bi-ideals (fuzzy bi-ideals) in semirings. We define strongly prime, prime, semiprime, irreducible and strongly irreducible bi-ideals in semirings. We also define strongly prime, semiprime, irreducible, strongly irreducible fuzzy bi-ideals of semirings. We characterize those semirings in which each bi-ideal (fuzzy bi-ideal) is prime (strongly prime).

The intuitionistic fuzzification of the notion of a bi-ideal in ordered semigroups is considered. In terms of intuitionistic fuzzy set, conditions for an ordered semigroup to be completely regular is provided. Characterizations of intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideals in ordered semigroups are given. Using a collection of bi-ideals with additional conditions, an intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideal is constr...