The latest series of topographic base map Nepal were prepared by Survey Department during 1992-2001 A.D and preparation their digital database namely National Topographic Database started in 1999 A.D. Understanding the utmost need updating these maps database, department update process a rapid pace from fiscal year 2075/76 B.S based on ZiYuan-3 Mapping (ZY-3) satellite images with 2.1 m panchro...

Using fuzzy logic technique images. The suggested method is introduced for the using a combination of fuzzy algorithm. The fuzzification of underexposed region has been carried o membership function and for fuzzifying function is found suitable. been defined for both underexposed and overexposed saturation and intensity (HSV) color space is used for the trans from RGB to HSV space without chang...

The well known OGC Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) specification allows to specify the design of a map. On the other hand in LBS and UbiGIS maps need to be generated dynamically taking a lot of factors into account which describe the current user, situation and context. We present how to transform such user and context models with a base map represented as SLD resulting in an “adapted” SLD. Furth...

Geoportals are increasingly used for searching, viewing, and downloading spatial data. This study concerns methods to improve the visual presentation in viewing services. When spatial data in a viewing service are taken from more than one source there are often syntactic, semantic, topological, and geometrical conflicts that prevent maps being fully consistent. In this study we extend a standar...

abstract nowadays, fuzzy technique is used to prepare the map in different sciences, extensively. with due attention to important role of soil fertility in modern agriculture, the preparation of soil fertility map seems to be necessary to plan for appropriate using of fertilizers for crops. this study was conducted to prepare a distinct map for evaluating soil fertility according to soil availa...

This paper describes a new Map-Matching method relying on the use of Particle Filtering. Since this method implements a multi-hypothesis road-tracking strategy, it is able to handle ambiguous situations arising at junctions or when positioning accuracy is low. In this Bayesian framework, map-matching integrity can be monitored using normalized innovation residuals. An interesting characteristic...

In this paper, we show that a regular space with a locally countable weak-base is g-metrizable. Secondly, we establish the relationships between spaces with a locally countable weak-base (resp. spaces with a locally countable weak-base consisting of א0-subspaces) and metric spaces (resp. locally separable metric spaces) by means of compact-covering maps, 1-sequence-covering maps, compact maps, ...