Current techniques for the control of pocket gophers use traps, fumigants or toxic baits. Trapping and fumigation are labor intensive and seldom effective in giving more than short-term relief. Toxic baiting usually uses baits that are rapidly degraded and although the resident gopher may be killed the burrow system is frequently reoccupied very rapidly and little long-term control is achieved....

Mustard (Brassica and Sinapis spp.) green manures tilled into the soil preceding potato crops act as biofumigants that are toxic to plant–parasitic nematodes, providing an alternative to synthetic soil fumigants. However, it is not known whether mustard green manures also kill beneficial entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) that contribute to the control of pest insects. We used sentinel insect pr...

Effect of several soil fumigants on plant-parasitic nematodes, weeds, and snapdragon ( Antirrhinum majus L.) production were evaluated in a commercial site in southeast Florida in 2002-03. Treatments consisted of methyl bromide (98%) + chloropicrin (2%), metam sodium, metam sodium + chloropicrin, and a nontreated control. All fumigant treatments reduced (P < 0.05) weed populations compared to t...

The effect of elevated level of SO2+NO2 on some physiological and biochemical parameters of Glycine max were examined. Twelve days olds Soybean (Glycine max) seedling were exposed to two different (2% and 3%) levels of SO2+NO2 mixture. Fumigants were applied for 30 minutes per day, 3 days per week for 3 weeks duration. Aeration with enriched SO2+NO2 air resulted in higher phenolic content as co...

Various methods and approaches, including chemical and physical repellents, flooding, burrow fumigants, poison baits, vibrating devices and exclusion, have been explored for reducing mole problems. In addition to these, habitat management through reducing the moles food supply has received considerable attention, but environmental concerns and the lack of consistent results have tempered this a...

The use of calorimetry as a tool to understand the effects of controlled atmospheres (CA) on insects is briefly reviewed. A variety of data are presented to illustrate the various types of information that calorimetry can make available to researchers. The use of a calorimeter connected to a mass spectrometer to determine the occurrence of anaerobic respiration is described and reported. We con...

Rate and Method of Application Apply as a preplant broadcast treatment at least 14 to 21 days prior to planting. Late summer or early autumn is usually best for applying soil fumigants in Michigan. Inject 8 inches deep with chisels spaced 10 to 12 inches apart when soil temperature is between 50° and 80°F. Seal immediately after application. If soil is waterlogged or temperature is below 60°F, ...