Mass-specific oxygen consumption of euglossine bees during free hovering flight is inversely related to body mass, varying from 66mlO2g~h~ in a 1-0-g bee to 154mlO2g~ h~ in a O10-g bee. Individuals of Eulaema and Eufreisea spp. have smaller wings and higher wing stroke frequency and energy metabolism at any given mass than bees olEuglossa spp. or Exaerete frontalis. Calculated aerodynamic power...

Purpose: To report the efficacy of frontalis suspension using a silicone rod or preserved fascia lata for patients with blepharospasm who exhibit persistent symptoms and visual dysfunction unresponsive to botulinum injections.Methods: The clinical records five (10 eyes) essential underwent were reviewed. Patients continued eyelid-opening difficulties despite prior administration toxin included....

PURPOSE The purpose of this report is to demonstrate a rare clinical manifestation of apraxia eyelid opening related to a basal ganglia lesion. CASE REPORT In this study, we report a 91-year-old woman suffering from difficulty in eyelid opening after being treated for myocardial ischemia with dual antiplatelet medications. She could open her eyelid with fingers touching her forehead. Brain co...

Income and capital breeding represent opposing ends of a continuum reproductive strategies. Quantifying nutrient allocation to reproduction is challenging, but recent advances in compound-specific stable isotope analysis hold promise for tracing the source individual compounds allocated reproduction. Here, we describe novel approach using measured carbon (δ13C) nitrogen (δ15N) values amino acid...

The purpose of this study is to explore whether subjects exposed to stimuli of facial expressions respond with facial electromyographic (EMG) reactions consistent with the hypothesis that facial expressions are contagious. This study further examines whether males and females differ in facial EMG intensity. Two experiments demonstrated that subjects responded with facial EMG activity over the c...

Radical parotidectomy often results in complex facial nerve defects involving the main nerve trunk and multiple distal nerve branches. Although cable nerve grafting often leads to good nerve regeneration, severe synkinesis due to aberrant axonal regrowth is inevitable. In such situations, the use of 2 motor sources to differentially reanimate the upper and lower face could minimize synkinesis. ...

In a case of cephalic tetanus with left facial spasms and trismus, the repetitive stimulation of the left facial nerve at 3, 10 and 20 Hz showed no facilitation or decrement. The amplitudes of the blink reflex were 50% lower on the affected side. The silent period of the masseter muscles was shortened. Concentric needle examination of the masseters and left facial EMG of the left frontalis musc...

The BM2113 locus was amplified in Yunnan mithun (Bos frontalis) from the southwest mountains of China. It showed a high degree of polymorphism with a total of 12 alleles. The 121-bp polymorphic allele of the BM2113 locus that accounted for 37.1% of homozygotes was the predominant allele with a frequency of 58.57%, identified as mithun-specific for Bos species in Yunnan mithun. The polymorphism ...