for Invited Talk at the First Annual Energy 2030 Conference, Abu Dhabi, UAE, November 1-2, 2006 1 Opportunities and Perspectives for Plastics in Coming Fossil Fuel and Solar Energy Scenarios Reinhold W. Lang 1, 2 1 Institute of Materials Science and Testing of Plastics, University of Leoben 2 Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH Franz-Josef-Straße 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria [email protected]

AbsImcl--This paper pmposes a multiagent contml system (MACS) for a fossil-fuel power unit (FFPU). The MACS consists of fossil-fuel power unit agent (FFPUA), reference agent (RA), feedforward contml agents (FFCAs), feedback contml agents (FBCAs) and coordinator agent (COA). The reference agent decomposes the task of the MACS hy multiobjective optimization. The FFCAs make decision using the neur...

COVER Remains of an older woman buried in the mid-1800s at Badia Pozzeveri graveyard in Altopascio, Italy. She is one of several skeletons entombed in lime, probably to quell infection during an epidemic. Archaeologists are currently studying skeletons buried over the course of 1000 years at this site for clues to ancient health and disease. For further information, see pages 1291 and 1306 and ...

The most perplexing international problem concerning the fate of our planet is the issue of global warming. There are a number of complex factors governing the resolution of this extremely important environmental challenge. The decrease in world-wide fossil fuel reserves coupled with an increase in carbon dioxide emissions from the combustion of hydrocarbons makes it imperative that alternative...

Studies of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) costs necessarily employ a host of technical and economic assumptions regarding the particular technology or system of interest, including details regarding the capture technology design, the power plant or gas stream treated, and the methods of CO2 transport and storage. Because the specific assumptions employed can dramatically affect the results of an...

It is often argued that fossil fuel subsidies hamper the transition towards a sustainable energy supply as they incentivize wasteful consumption. We assess implications of a subsidy phase‐ out for the mitigation of climate change and the low‐carbon transformation of the energy system, using the global energy–economy model REMIND. We compare our results with those obtained by the International E...

In recent years there has been a move in the majority of industrialized countries to invest in renewable resources for the production of energy. This move has come about as people worldwide are more aware of negative effects of fossil fuel sources of energy on the environment including the release of green house gases such as CO2. Utilization of renewable sources of energy, for instance harness...

Recently electric vehicles are becoming popular as an alternative of conventional fossil fuel vehicles. Conventional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicle uses fossil fuel which contributing a major part of overall carbon emission in the environment. Carbon and other green house gas emission are responsible for global warming and resulting climate change. It becomes vital to evaluate perform...

Leakage of greenhouse gas emissions— increased emissions in unconstrained regions due to regulations in other regions— undermines the effectiveness of sub-global climate regulations, reduces incentives for unilateral climate initiatives, and can result in distortionary trade measures (Winchester, 2012). These concerns are expressed in measures to reduce leakage included in the EU Emissions Trad...

Source apportionment of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) from PM1 (particulate matter with a diameter equal to or smaller than 1 μm) in Beijing, China was carried out using radiocarbon (14C) measurement. Despite a dominant fossil-fuel contribution to EC due to large emissions from traffic and coal combustion, nonfossil sources are dominant contributors of OC in Beijing throughout t...