It is an open question what semantic representations transformer-based language models can encode and whether they have access to more abstract aspects of meaning. Here, we propose a diagnostic dataset investigate how well understand the degree semantics adjectives. In dataset, referred as Adjective Scale Probe (ASP), semi-automatically generate 8 tests Natural Language Inference (NLI) question...

Open network management is assisted by representing the system resources to be managed as objects, and providing standard services and protocols for interrogating and manipulating these objects. Application of formal techniques can make the speciications more precise, reducing the ambiguity inherent in natural language, and can automate some or all of the process of implementation and testing. ...