T he main objective of this paper was the investigation of the impact of the trade openness on economic growth in Pakistan. We have been employed both the Johensen and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Co-integration together with ECM Techniques for the period 1975-2016. The empirical estimated results are the sound evidence that there exists a short...

This paper reviews some of the recent advances in our understanding of the determinants of firms’ choices between trade and foreign direct investment (fdi) as means by which to serve their overseas markets. Over the past two decades, fdi has grown much more rapidly than trade flows. The great majority of these investment flows have been between developed countries with similar factor endowments...

This paper examines the welfare implications of an existence of free trade agreements (FTAs) and customs unions (CUs) in the GATT system, in the presence of cross-foreign ownership among countries. In particular, two GATT regimes are analyzed: a pure GATT regime without any regional free trade agreements, and modified GATT regime with either an FTA or a CU. This paper argues that, when foreign ...

This paper explores the link between foreign direct investment and trade in a panel of four countries that will accede to the European Union in 2004: Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovenia. We augment standard demand-side export and import equations with a measure of FDI penetration. We compare results based on a panel mean-group estimator with a fixed-effects panel model that allows ...

In an international oligopoly model, this paper investigates interaction between trade liberalization in goods and liberalization in service FDI. Since some services are market-specific and have non-tradable nature, a foreign firm has a higher cost in service provisions compared to its domestic competitor and it can overcome the disadvantage by either outsourcing services to the domestic compet...

David S. Nolen is Assistant Professor and Assistant Editor/Reference Librarian in the Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Library/Congressional and Political Research Center, Mississippi State University Libraries; e-mail: [email protected]. © 2014 David S. Nolen, Attribution-NonCommercial (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) CC BY-NC This study examined references found in thre...

The Canadian economy has been a net recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). The free-trade agreements (FTA and NAFTA) have had to attract more inward FDI. This study examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) between Canada and EU15, Brazil and Japan in the period 1995-2007. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of variables, such as, market size, labour cos...

Globalization is integration of national economies in global economy and infers on increasing the flow of goods and services. In this study the consequences of globalization were studied through the analysis of Level of International Trade index (LIT) in the caviar export equation. The required data were gathered from Statistical Yearbook of Foreign Trade, Statistical Yearbook of fisheries, Sta...

This paper elaborates on the government's powers - both at the domestic level and over foreign countries. The domestic power is the power against domestic lobbies, and the foreign one is the government's international power. To do so, this paper tries to evaluate the effects of these powers   on the formation of free trade agreements (FTAs). The theoretical framework follows an oligopolistic-po...

After 1950`s, gradually the variable of human capital was included in the economic growth analysis .Foreign trade has also provided economic growth. Among other variables, which can be effective on the economic growth, are the country's economic and political structure and history of the oil or socialist system. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of human capital, foreign trade, ha...