The current study is based on a pseudo-longitudinal design to investigate the trajectory of Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE), Peace Mind (FLPOM), Classroom Anxiety (FLCA), Boredom (FLB) among total 502 Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced English (EFL) learners in Morocco who filled out single online questionnaire. Statistical results showed that motivation remained unchanged across skill levels...

the present study was aimed at examining concerns about the social effects of efl learning, a challenging area of research which has not been discussed sufficiently. it tried to investigate the relationship between efl learning and national identity. in addition, attempt was made to find a relationship between language motivation types and national identity. furthermore, the role of two demogra...

Abstract This study presents a new positive emotion construct, ?????? ( waiyu pinghe xintai ) or Foreign Language Peace of Mind (FLPOM), drawn from the Chinese cultural tradition. It is low-arousal (LAP) emotional state (e.g., calmness, peacefulness) and internal harmony. Three sub-studies were conducted. In Study 1, measurement scale FLPOM was developed validated. 2, administered to English as...

in today’s multiculturally interconnected world, cultural understanding is the key to communication and a buffer to communication breakdown. that is, the objectives of language learning cannot be viewed as a mainly linguistic task anymore; they should be directed towards achievement of intercultural communicative competence. therefore, the foreign language teachers should utilize and promote th...

Abstract: Past research has suggested that the use of a foreign language worsen decision making because of the heavier cognitive load imposed by a foreign language than by a native language (Takano & Noda, 1993). We discovered, however, that the foreign language usage can be beneficial to decision making under information overload (when it is based upon a large amount of information). Seventy-e...

the aim of this study is to investigate the role and structure of motivation in learning a foreign language in order to introduce the model ofinformation processing as a new approach and scale to evaluate themotivation of foreign languages.for this purpose,two hundred and fifty participant employees ofthe iranian oil terminals company enrolled in the english language training courses were selec...