Market-oriented economic policies—reflected in limited economic activity by government, protection of private property rights, a sound monetary policy, outward orientation regarding trade and efficient tax and regulatory policy—have been strongly linked to faster rates of economic growth. Foreign aid is often provided in the belief that it encourages liberalizing reforms in these areas. This pa...

This paper tries to assess to which extent fungibility in sectoral foreign development assistance is something donors should be concerned about. This is done in three steps. First, country specific estimates of the degree of fungibility are obtained. These are then incorporated in a well established empirical aid-growth equation. Third, arguing that the aid-growth relation may not be the releva...

The number of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in Nepal has grown significantly since the 1990s due to a range of factors. A total of 39,759 NGOs and 189 international non-governmental organizations were registered in Nepal between 1977 and 2014 in various sectors, including health, agriculture, poverty alleviation, and good governance. Despite thousands of NGOs and significant amo...

Donor_s demand equations for alternative forms of aid are derived for three allocation processes: noncooperative Nash-Cournot, cooperative Lindahl, and bureaucratic. Based on OECD data for official development assistance for 1970– 2001, we apply non-nested tests to distinguish between Nash-Cournot and Lindahl reduced-form equations for 15 major donor nations. Noncooperative Nash-Cournot behavio...

In 1995 PIPA found that, while an overwhelming majority supported aid in principle, a majority wanted to cut it. However when asked to estimate how much of the budget was devoted to foreign aid, respondents vastly overestimated its size, and when asked what would be appropriate they proposed an amount far higher than the actual amount. In this new study PIPA sought to find out how perceptions a...

We examine a range of existing authoring aids (understood in the widest sense), from full-scale NLG to a new type of interactive MT. All of these depend on an independently available meaning representation, either a language-neutral formal model or a parallel text in another language. When no such meaning representation is available, however, current authoring aids can offer little more than wo...