Tensile tests have been performed at up to five different displacement rates, from about lmm/s to over 20,000mm/s, on braided glass-fibre tubes of both square and circular cross-section and the corresponding force-displacement curves have been derived. In general both the maximum tensile force and the displacement at failure increase with increasing loading rate, implying a greater energy absor...

A series of full-scale experiments was conducted to estimate lateral soil constraints on pipes buried in dense sandy slopes at different burial depths. The experimental data indicated that the force pipe increases with increase slope grade and depth ratio. against relative displacement response observed from is presented compared those arising level ground conditions. study extended larger rati...

Continuous welded turnouts are important for CWR track through the railway station. According to equivalent resistance and non-linear theories and the principle of force diagram, a new method of theoretical calculation for continuous welded turnouts was developed. The continuous welded turnouts designed and installed according to the new theory behaved fairly well. The data collected on sites b...

The risk of accidental dislodgement of robot-operated surgical mechanisms can lead to morbidity or mortality. The force and torque applied by a 3.0-tesla scanner on an ultrasonic motor are not fully known. The force and torque may displace the motor, which is not fully magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible but can be safely used in MR environments. A suspension apparatus was designed to m...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to observe stress distribution and displacement patterns of the entire maxillary arch with regard to distalizing force vectors applied from interdental miniscrews. METHODS A standard three-dimensional finite element model was constructed to simulate the maxillary teeth, periodontal ligament, and alveolar process. The displacement of each tooth was calcu...

Many load bearing biological structures (LBBSs)-such as feather rachises and spicules-are small (<1 mm) but not microscopic. Measuring the flexural behavior of these LBBSs is important for understanding the origins of their remarkable mechanical functions. We describe a protocol for performing three-point bending tests using a custom-built mechanical testing device that can measure forces rangi...