objective: : root resorption is a complication of orthodontic treatment and till date, there is a dearth of information regarding this subject. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between orthodontic force and genetic expression of tgf-β(as an inflammatory cytokine) using the rt-pcr technique in rats. moreover, realization of the level of gene expression may help in the diff...

background :rupture of the anterior cruciate ligment (acl) is a common knee injury. the purpose of this study was to determine the balance control in football players with and without acl reconstruction in posture of injury.   methods : sway of the center of gravity of 15 patients with acl reconstruction was compared with 15 healthy, age and sex-matched subjects as the control group. all tests ...

abstract: in this work, an optimal control scheme with adaptive weighting coefficients is presented which coordinates different vehicle dynamics control objectives, thus ruling out possible conflicts among them. in a new approach, the weighting coefficients in optimal control are adjusted according to the vehicle state in the phase plane in such a way that a priority is given to each objective ...

This paper describes the development of a novel humanoid robot foot/ankle based on an orientation Parallel Kinematic Mechanism for intelligent and flexible control. With three identical Universal-Prismatic-Spherical prismatic-actuated limbs and a central Universal-Revolute passive limb, the PKM can perform three degrees of freedom rotation motions. In order to enable the humanoid robot safely t...

In Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), the force between the measurement tip and the sample is controlled in a feedback loop to prevent damage to the tip and sample during imaging, and to convert the measurement of the tip-sample force into an estimation of the sample topography. Dynamical uncertainties of the system pose a strong limitation on the achievable control bandwidth, and on the accuracy o...

High servo control response and high energy-efficiency are requested in hydraulic servo systems of current hydraulic machines. This investigation concurrently implements energy-saving control and velocity-force control for simultaneously realizing high velocity-force control response and high energy-efficiency for hydraulic valve-controlled cylinder systems. The velocity-force control of the hy...

background: elastomeric chains are commonly used in orthodontics. force decay in these materials poses clinical problems. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different mouthwashes on the force decay of orthodontic chains. materials and methods: in this experimental study, elastomeric chains with two different confi gurations were divided into eight groups (two control and...