Introduction In Finland, the forest canopies are the main source of the volatile organic compounds (VOC). These forests are representative of the boreal ones, and they cover about 80% of the total land area of the territory of Finland. The forests throughout the country are utilised commercially and managed regularly with the consequence that the natural tree species composition is much affecte...

Correlations between developmentally plastic traits may constrain the joint evolution of traits. In plants, both seedling de-etiolation and shade avoidance elongation responses to crowding and foliage shade are mediated by partially overlapping developmental pathways, suggesting the possibility of pleiotropic constraints. To test for such constraints, we exposed inbred lines of Impatiens capens...

Prior studies have shown that applications of the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to the foliage of potato plants can reduce common scab. Here field and glasshouse trials suggest that 2,4-D foliar treatments may also reduce the biologically distinct tuber disease, powdery scab. Significant correlations between suppression of common and powdery scab from the field trials s...

Two sources of inoculum of reniform nematodes, Rotylenchulus reniformis, were identified for infestation of ornamental foliage plants in commercial greenhouses. These were water from a local canal system and rooted cuttings purchased from other sources. Eight ornamental plant species were identified as good hosts for the reniform nematode, with each species supporting a reniform population dens...

Taking the ground cover plants of seven forest parks in Guangzhou as research object, a total 79 quadrats were set up, and frequency plant occurrences was counted. It belongs to 58 families 90 genera, including 41 species herbs, belonging 25 39 genera; 54 woody plants, 34 47 1 vines, family genus; 3 ferns, species. The appearance showed that Park dominated by with more fewer ferns vines. Herbac...

Three anthocyanin regulatory genes of maize (Zea mays; Lc, B-Peru, and C1) were introduced into alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in a strategy designed to stimulate the flavonoid pathway and alter the composition of flavonoids produced in forage. Lc constructs included a full-length gene and a gene with a shortened 5'-untranslated region. Lc RNA was strongly expressed in Lc transgenic alfalfa foliage,...

Soil lead (Pb) contamination is a major environmental and public health risk. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), second-generation biofuel crop, potentially useful for the long-term phytoremediation phytoextraction of Pb contaminated soils. We evaluated efficacy coordinated foliar application plant growth regulators soil fungicide chelator in order to optimize phytoextraction. Plants were grown cu...

This paper investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the amounts of PM accumulated on leaves of Ligustrum lucidum, a common evergreen tree species in North China. The effects of rainfall and wind on the amounts of PM deposited on foliage were also determined. The amounts of PM (g · m(-2)) retained by leaves of L. lucidum differed significantly among the sites (from 0.96 to 5.56) and o...