This study determined the membrane fluidity of clostridial endospores during treatment with heat and pressure with nisin or reutericyclin. Heating (90°C) reduced laurdan (6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene) general polarization, corresponding to membrane fluidization. Pressure (200 MPa) stabilized membrane order. Reutericyclin and nisin exhibit divergent effects on heat- and pressure-induc...

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A fluidized bed system combining two circulating fluidized bed reactors is proposed and investigated for chemical looping combustion using metal oxides as oxygen carriers. The global solids loop starts in one of the two reactors (primary reactor) where solids are entrained, separated from the gas in a cyclone and sent to the other reactor (secondary reactor) via a fluidized loop seal. From the ...

black tea sample was dried by a vibro-fluidized bed dryer to find its aerodynamic behavior and thermal performance during drying. the drying experiments were conducted at three different inlet air temperatures of 100, 115 and 130°c and fluidization condition at five vibration intensity levels of 0 (no vibration), 0.063, 0.189, 0.395 and 1.184. the results showed that bed channeling and defluidi...

A fluidized bed reactor with ultraviolet lamp and TiO2/silica photo-catalyst prepared in our laboratory was used as a photo-reactor to degrade toluene in a simulated toluene-air mixture. The effects of operating parameters including initial toluene concentration, superficial gas velocity, ultraviolet light intensity and catalyst bed height on degradation rate of toluene have been investigated i...