Essential oils from fresh leaves, flowers and dried fruits of Vitex negundo were obtained by hydrodistillation. Using Soxhlet extractor five successive extracts from dried and powdered leaves were also taken. The chemical constituents of essential oil of leaves, flowers and dried fruits were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS techniques. Main constituents identified in leaves oil were delta-guaiene, ...

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of vermicompost and amino acids on the qualitative and quantitative yield of chamomile. The experiment was conducted during the growing season of 2010 at the Alborz Medical Research Center. The Treatment groups consisted of vermicompost (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 tons/ha) and the sprays of amino acids (budding stag, flowering stage, and bu...

Gamma-linoleic acid in the seed oil of evening primrose makes it nutritionally and pharmaceutically valuable. If evening primrose wants to be cultivated as an annual plant, sowing time is important. By the late sowing and depends to time most plants do not produce flower stem and stay in rosette stage until next spring. To solve this problem, the present study was performed. Seedling were trans...

flower of rosa damascena mill is widely used in iran for gastrointestinal (gi) disorders. however, its pharmacological action on ileum contraction has not been studied. in this research we have investigated ileum motility effect of essential oil of flower petals of r. damascena growing in kashan, iran, and two of its constituents. the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were investigat...

Novel, specialized systems exploiting bibionid flies, oil-collecting bees, wasps, or crepuscular settling moths as pollen vectors are added to the range of recorded pollination mechanisms in sub-Saharan Africa Iridaceae, while knowledge of the pollination of previously understudied genera such as Aristea, Bahiana, Ferraria, Hesperantha, and Tritoniopsis is expanded. The pollination of 357 speci...

Luculia plants are famed ornamental plants with sweetly fragrant flowers, of which L. pinceana Hooker, found primarily in Yunnan Province, China, has the widest distribution. Solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was employed to identify the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from different flower development stages of L. pinceana for the evaluatio...

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is an economically important species in the Rosaceae family for rose oil and rose water production, obtained exclusively from freshly-gathered Damask rose flowers. Iran is famous for producing organic rose essential oil, mainly used in the perfume industry and for folk medicines due to its healing properties. Due to their high perishability, postharvest handli...

Emulsions, thermodynamically unstable mixtures, are dispersed systems in which one liquid is dispersed as droplets in a second immiscible phase. In most natural and processed foods, the immiscibility of water with lipids is overcomed by dispersing one phase as droplets into the other phase. The oil-in-water emulsions are highly stable. This is because some water-soluble surface-active agents an...

ABSTRACT- To investigate the effect of draught stress on water relations, stomatal density, chlorophyll content and yield of rapeseed, an experiment was done with four levels of drought stress including L1 (Field Capacity, FC), L2 (70% Available Water Content, AWC), L3 (50% AWC), and L4 (30% AWC), within three growth stages- including stem elongation (T1), onset of flowering (T2) and silique fo...