The case reports of four patients with breakage of the intramedullary nail of the femur are presented. In all four patients the nail broke after consolidation of the fracture of the femoral shaft. All the nails broke at the same place: the junction between the round cross-section and the cloverleaf cross-section.

BACKGROUND Nowadays, open anatomic reduction and internal fixation can be considered as a valuable treatment for displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus. However, the application of a calcaneal plate via an extensile lateral approach is at risk for a substantial rate of complications including delayed healing, skin necrosis, or infection. There is some evidence that a limited expos...

A simple method to remove a broken distal closed section intramedullary nail is presented. The surgical technique and a case report are described. This technique eliminates the need for an additional exposure, other than that required to insert the nail, or any specialized equipment.

We performed a prospective, randomized controlled study on 60 patients with fresh closed diaphyseal tibial fractures to determine the effect of percutaneous autologous bone marrow injection on union rate. Sixty patients were randomized into a group of 30 patients each. 30 patients were treated with reamed intramedullary interlocking nail and 30 patients were treated with combination of reamed i...

BACKGROUND Retrograde intramedullary fibular nail fixation is being utilized with increasing frequency, particularly in patients at higher risk of wound complications. The purpose of this anatomic study was to assess the relative risk to nearby anatomic structures when implanting a contemporary retrograde locked intramedullary fibular nail. METHODS Ten human cadaveric lower extremities were i...

BACKGROUND The optimal management of femoral fractures in adolescents is controversial. This study was performed to compare the results and complications of four methods of fixation and to determine the factors related to those complications. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 194 diaphyseal femoral fractures in 189 children and adolescents treated with elastic stable intram...

Intramedullary nail internal fixation is the most prevalent method of treatment of fracture. The study on hole testing and localization of intramedullary nail is one of the most important research topics in present-day orthopedic medicine. This paper gives a new method for hole testing of intramedullary nail based on ultrasonic sensor. Considering the disadvantage, ultrasonic attenuates too fas...

background: the aim of this study was to determine the treatment outcome of humeral shaft fractures with a locked rigid intramedullary nail in patients indicated for surgical treatment. methods: in this descriptive-cross sectional study, all patients were followed up for one, six, and 18 months post operatively. the short form questionnaire (sf-36) and constant shoulder score were applied. resu...