In experiment 1 NoSo and NoS pi thresholds for a 500-Hz pure tone were obtained in a low-fluctuation masking noise and a high-fluctuation masking noise for six normal-hearing listeners. The noise bandwidth was 10 Hz. In agreement with previous investigations, the NoSo thresholds were lower in low-fluctuation noise than in high-fluctuation noise. For three listeners, NoS pi thresholds were simil...

A new method combining three-dimensional (3D) force measurements in an optical trap with the analysis of thermally induced (Brownian) position fluctuations of a trapped probe was used to investigate the mechanical properties of a single molecule, the molecular motor kinesin. One kinesin molecule attached to the probe was bound in a rigorlike state to one microtubule. The optical trap was kept w...

The enzymes that transcribe, recombine, package, and duplicate the eukaryotic genome all are highly processive and capable of generating large forces. Understanding chromosome function therefore will require analysis of mechanics as well as biochemistry. Here we review development of new biophysical–biochemical techniques for studying the mechanical properties of isolated chromatin fibers and c...

curve flexibility in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais) was one of the major concerns of spinal surgeons since the evolution of surgical correction techniques. in this respect, many tried to identify which criteria denote more rigid curve. in the present study, we aimed toward determining important factors influencing ais curve flexibility on supine bending films. we assessed radiographs of ...

We present a derivation of the sharp-interface limit of a generic fluctuating phase-field model for solidification. As a main result, we obtain a sharp-interface projection which presents noise terms in both the diffusion equation and in the moving boundary conditions. The presented procedure does not rely on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, and can therefore be applied to account for both ...

We study the thermally activated barrier crossing of a linear, flexible chain (polymer) under the Kramers bistable potential using the multidimensional barrier crossing theory and the functional integral method. We find that above a critical chain length or below a critical chain spring constant the chain at the barrier top undergoes coil-to-stretch transition, resulting in the formation of a k...

We demonstrate a variant of the Bond Fluctuation lattice Monte Carlo model which conserves a topological linking number by forbidding moves through cis conformations. Unlike previous models that conserve linking number, our simulated ring chains have flexibility and the scaling properties of a lattice self-avoiding walk. Increased linking number reduces the radius of gyration mildly. A linking ...

Despite rapid advances in information technologies, real-time control systems (RTCSs) are becoming ever-increasingly resource limited in recent years. At the same time, RTCSs often have to operate in dynamic environments that feature workload fluctuation. As a consequence, the available computing and communication resources are typically non-deterministic. In this new implementation environment...