recently, some natural products have been used in the fields as alternative to synthetic compounds, to minimize the negative impacts to the environment. this study aimed to verify the effects of neem-based bio-pesticide in causing acute toxicity for a fish and chronic toxicity for a microcrustacean. to this end, danio rerio and daphnia magna were exposed to various concentrations of a neem-base...

Species interactions are often suggested as an important factor when assessing the effects of chemicals on higher levels of biological organization. Nevertheless, the contribution of intraspecific and interspecific interactions to chemical effects on populations is often overlooked. In the present study, Daphnia magna populations were initiated with different levels of intraspecific competition...

The assumption of the individual effective dose is the basis for the probit method used for analyzing dose or concentration-response data. According to this assumption, each individual has a uniquely innate tolerance expressed as the individual effective dose (IED) or the smallest dose that is sufficient to kill the individual. An alternative to IED, stochasticity suggests that individuals do n...

This research aimed to know the effect of quail manure on an abundance Daphnia magna. The method for D. magna was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four settings, each repeated times, namely use P0 (Control without fertilizer), P1 (Quail fertilize 1 g/L), P2 3 P3 5 g/L). cultured 15 days in container volume liters. updated parameters were magna, mortality and water quality. results anal...

widespread use of pharmaceuticals has resulted in mixture concentrations ranging from mg/l in effluent to µg/l concentrations in surface water. in a 2008 study, 13 pharmaceuticals, ranging in amounts from 0.0028 to 0.1757 µg/l, were identified in the tennessee river, usa and its tributaries. in order to address the need for risk assessment of environmentally relevant pharmaceutical mixtures, da...

one of the most important aims of aquatic hatcheries is availability to mass produce of daphnia magna as a live food with high nutritional value in the shortest time. in the present study, d. magna fed with two freshwater green algae species, chlorella sp. and scenedesmus obliquus, enriched with different dosages of a mixture b group vitamins (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 ml.l-1) were compared at two stages...