on pedagogic retardation owing to the fact that the psychological retardation of large numbers of children was impossible to ascertain. The Binet test furnishes us with a method for measuring the psychological retardation of the child. It is, however, almost impossible to test every child in the school system of a great city by means of these tests. This is so for two reasons: first, the length...

The recognition that some low birthweight babies (<2500 g) were the victims of intrauterine growth retardation rather than premature birth was a milestone in perinatal medicine.'3 Up to 10% of all liveborn babies and at least 30% of those of low birth weight suffer from intrauterine growth retardation; their perinatal mortality is four to 10 times higher than that of normally grown babies-both ...

OBJECTIVE We examined intraplacental color Doppler flow patterns and spectral Doppler flow velocity waveforms of villous arteries in pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. STUDY DESIGN A total of 192 uncomplicated pregnancies and 29 pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation between 26 and 41 weeks' gestation were examined in this cross-sectional study. Intraplacental color D...

Fetal growth retardation complicates an average of 10% all pregnancies. Today, ultrasound examination is used in obstetrics for diagnosis. Therefore, early detection this complication the key to adequate treatment and reduction perinatal consequences. A deeper understanding accompanying parameters will allow timely or prevention intrauterine fetal development. The aim research was conduct anten...

OBJECTIVE It is known from animal experiments that blood flow through the ductus venosus changes with fetal strain. Therefore the ratio of umbilical vein to ductus venosus flow rate in human intrauterine growth retardation and multifetal pregnancies was investigated and compared with that in control subjects. STUDY DESIGN Blood flow rates in the umbilical vein and in the ductus venosus, as we...