Most of the congenital heart diseases can be diagnosed in utero using fetal echocardiography. With the development of ultrasonography and intrauterine cardiac intervention technique, fetal cardiac intervention (FCI) for critical aortic stenosis, highly restrictive or intact atrial septum, pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum (PA/ IVS), and critical pulmonary stenosis (CPS) are av...

Fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma is a rare disease, and most of the cases are detected incidentally during antenatal ultrasound. This case discovered ultrasonography at 29 weeks gestation. Multiple hyperechoic round shape masses were seen in cardiac. After birth, baby had been under paediatric cardiologist follow-up with regular echocardiography. Management was mainly conservative time being as there ...

Ultrasound evaluation of the fetal heart can be performed. Knowledge of the embryology, anatomy, and function of the heart have led us to understand the pathophysiology of congenital heart disease. In this review we discuss the indications as well as some basic principles of fetal echocardiography.

The normal fetal heart shows variation in rate and rhythm. Twenty three cases that fell outside the normal patterns of variation of heart rate and rhythm were evaluated by echocardiography. Ten showed atrial or ventricular extrasystoles and these were not associated with perinatal morbidity or mortality. Seven cases showed complete heart block, two in association with structural cardiac abnorma...

Considerable advances in ultrasound technology and close collaboration between the specialties of paediatric cardiology and fetal medicine have resulted in the increasing ability to diagnose congenital heart disease before birth over the last two decades. Fetal cardiology diVers from paediatric cardiology not only in the spectrum of diseases seen, but also in the assessment of function because ...