In this study, we investigated the quasi-periodicity of large avalanches using a new modification of sandpile models, i.e., the long-range connective sandpile (LRCS) model. The LRCS model considers the random distant connection between two separated, instead of neighboring, cells and shows interesting precursory behavior before large avalanches. We explore the statistics of recurrence intervals...

The extended finite element method (XFEM) provides a natural way to incorporate strong and weak discontinuities into discretizations. It alleviates the need to mesh discontinuities, allowing simulation meshes to be nearly independent of discontinuity geometry. Currently, both quasistatic deformation and dynamic earthquake rupture simulations under standard FEM are limited to simplified fault ne...

[1] We studied the anatomy of the fault system where the 2009L’Aquila earthquake (MW 6.1) nucleated by means of ~64 k high-precision earthquake locations spanning 1 year. Data were analyzed by combining an automatic picking procedure for P and S waves, together with cross-correlation and double-difference location methods reaching a completeness magnitude for the catalogue equal to 0.7 includin...

The spatial and temporal distribution of fault slip is a critical parameter in earthquake source models. Previous geomorphic and geologic studies of channel offset along the Carrizo section of the south central San Andreas Fault assumed that channels form more frequently than earthquakes occur and suggested that repeated large-slip earthquakes similar to the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake illustrat...

EARTHQUAKE SOURCE PARAMETERS, SEISMICITY, AND TECTONICS OF THE OCEANOGRAPHER TRANSFORM FAULT

Abstract Deep-focus earthquakes in the Tonga–Fiji subduction zone make up greater than 66% of the globally recorded deep seismicity. The high number of deep-focus seismicity in this active subduction zone allows us to search for deep-focus similar earthquake pairs and repeating earthquakes. We compile a waveform dataset for deep earthquakes with magnitude above 4.7 occurring in the Tonga–Fiji–K...

On May 21, 2003 Boumerdes-Zemmouri (Algeria) earthquake generated a small tsunami, which was recorded at several locations around the coast of Balearic Islands, Spain. Recent field studies (Meghraoui, et al., 2004) and teleseismic wave analysis (Yiga, 2003) indicated that the earthquake magnitude is stronger than that suggested by the Harvard CMT solution. Moreover, the seafloor displacement is...

[1] The 2006 Mw7.0 Mozambique (Machaze) normal-faulting earthquake ruptured an unusually steeply dipping fault plane ( 75°). The amount of slip in the earthquake decreased from depths of 10 km toward the surface, and this shallow slip deficit was at least partly recovered by postseismic afterslip on the shallow part of the fault plane. An adjacent normal fault segment slipped postseismically (a...

Old trees growing along the San Andreas fault near Wrightwood, California, record in their annual ring-width patterns the effects of a major earthquake in the fall or winter of 1812 to 1813. Paleoseismic data and historical information indicate that this event was the "San Juan Capistrano" earthquake of 8 December 1812, with a magnitude of 7.5. The discovery that at least 12 kilometers of the M...

The sources of the May 1202 and November 1759, M 7.5 Near East earthquakes remain controversial, because their macroseismal areas coincide, straddling subparallel active faults in the Lebanese restraining bend. Paleoseismic trenching in the Yammoûneh basin yields unambiguous evidence both for slip on the Yammoûneh fault in the twelfth–thirteenth centuries and for the lack of a posterior event. ...