CONTEXT Inherited and sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is an uncommon and medically challenging malignancy. Even if the extent of initial surgery is deemed adequate, the recurrence rate remains high, up to 50% in most series. Measurement of serum calcitonin is important in the follow-up of patients with MTC, and reliably reflects the existence of the disease. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION There...

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) is extensively applied in clinical practice. However, in animal experiments, the application of clinical PET is difficult, due to limitations in sensitivity and spatial resolution. This study aimed to determine the potential of 18F-FDG PET with regard to the imaging of human laryngeal squamous cell carcino...

CONTEXT Inflammatory cytokines or cytokine inducers can alter basal ganglia activity, including reducing responsiveness to rewarding stimuli that may be mediated by cytokine effects on dopamine function. OBJECTIVES To determine whether long-term administration of the inflammatory cytokine interferon alfa reduces the basal ganglia response to reward and whether such changes are associated with...

Overexpression of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is closely linked to inflammatory responses in the heart, including myocarditis, which can lead to myocardial necrosis. In vivo assessment of inflammatory responses has enabled the precise diagnosis of myocarditis to improve clinical outcomes. Here, we evaluated TSPO overexpression in a rat model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EA...

BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]flouro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) to evaluate pulmonary inflammation during acute lung injury (ALI). We assessed the effect of extra-vascular lung water on estimates of (18)F-FDG-kinetics parameters in experimental and simulated data using the Patlak and Sokoloff methods, and our recently proposed four-co...

The positron-emitting radiohalogens 18F, 75Br, 76Br, and 124I are reviewed regarding their relevance for positron emission tomography (PET) in oncology. Relevant production routes of these cyclotron-generated isotopes are given, followed by publications that deal with applications of these radiohalogens. This article tries to cover the whole literature for the non-conventional isotopes 75Br, 76...

We report a very rare case of incidental intrapericardial thyroid in a papillary thyroid cancer patient. Post ablation scan revealed iodine-131 (131I) uptake in the mid-chest. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) was performed and showed a 18F-FDG avid lesion between the right atrium and the ascending aorta, (which was) shown to be an ...

To the Editor: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rarely seen angioproliferative tumor associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) infection, also known as Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) [1-3]. Four epidemiological types of KS have been described: a) The classic type originally described by Kaposi, which is typically found in midaged or in the elderly, b) The endemic type, several subtypes of whic...