This paper proposes a promising technique to compensate chromatic dispersion (CD) by using an optical all pass filter (OAPF) as an optical equaliser. The phase response of OAPF will be designed to cancel the phase delay of single mode fibre (SMF) which is the main cause of CD. The simulation of the mathematical model of the optical communication system at 10 Gb/s employing the proposed OAPF wil...

Objective: The prevention of childhood blindness through the provision of preventive services at the community level, specialized surgical services in ophthalmic units and the provision of devices to correct low vision and services to children with established visual loss. Materials and methods: A series of free surgical cataract eye camps which focused on only women were conducted throughout D...

The numbers of light quanta available to photoreceptors of lensand different types of com­ pound eyes are calculated on the basis of photometric considerations. It is shown that the results depend upon the situation in the optical environment: For point-like lightsources such as stars receptors in compound eyes generally receive considerably less numbers of light quanta compared n. g. with the ...

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) optical wireless communication (OWC) are in high demand rapidly developing owing to the explosive growth of smart systems that require automotive mobile devices. Optical phased arrays (OPA) have become a key technology LiDAR OWC their nonmechanical beam steering capabilities. However, using separate platforms one system creates problems, such as spectrum cong...

As a result of advanced digital technology, we have become increasingly reliant on global connectivity device such as laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. So, the interaction human eyes with industrial light devices becomes full dangers caused by short distance long duration view. With specific details, this study discusses supports physics light-eye interaction. The physical treatment shows th...

Keratoconus is an eye disorder wherein the cornea weakens due to structural and/or compositional anomalies. This weakened cornea is no longer able to preserve its normal shape against the intraocular pressure in the eye and therefore bulges outward, leading to a conical shape and subsequent distorted vision. Changes in structure and composition often manifest as a change in shape (or geometry) ...

A 26 years old female patient was examined twenty-four hours after observing laser-induced plasma formation in a process of nanoparticle production complaining of bilateral central scotoma. The ophthalmologic evaluation included dilated fundus observation, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). In the first assessment, visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25...

In the first part of this chapter, the optical condition of astigmatism is defined. The main causes and available classifications of ocular astigmatism are briefly described. The most relevant optical properties of image formation in an astigmatic eye are analysed and compared to that of an emmetropic eye and an eye with spherical ametropia. The spectacle prescription and axis notation for asti...

We introduce an interactive, portable, and inexpensive solution for estimating refractive errors in the human eye. While expensive optical devices for automatic estimation of refractive correction exist, our goal is to greatly simplify the mechanism by putting the human subject in the loop. Our solution is based on a high-resolution programmable display and combines inexpensive optical elements...

The importance and accuracy of the human visual system have led scientists researchers to do their best study it, know its problems, how treat them. eye lens tilt is possibly due a specific accident such as blow or like. So, this manuscript was submitted tilting effect on performance determine tolerance values. Using (ZEMAX-EE) software program relying Liou Brennan model Eye (LBME), one most ac...