BACKGROUND It remains to be clarified if the application of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is effective after extubation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure who require the sufficient level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). This study was aimed at examining the effect and the safety of NPPV application following extubation in patients requiring moderate PE...

INTRODUCTION Extubation failure has been associated with poor intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital outcomes in tertiary care medical centers. Given the large proportion of critical care delivered in the community setting, our purpose was to determine the impact of extubation failure on patient outcomes in a community hospital ICU. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed using dat...

INTRODUCTION Acute pain is common during the endotracheal extubation period, and is related to complications and adverse outcomes. Patients with delayed extubation after craniotomy are vulnerable to pain and complications of extubation. However, pain control during extubation is still inadequate. Remifentanil, a new opioid with rapid onset and short duration of action, provides adequate analges...

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to determine the feasibility of early extubation and to identify the risk factors for delayed extubation in pediatric patients operated for ventricular septal defect closure. METHODS A prospective, observational study was carried out at our Institute. This study involved consecutive 135 patients undergoing ventricular septal defect closure. Patients we...

To the Editor: We read with great interest the article by Tripathi et al1 recently published in RESPIRATORY CARE assessing the impact of a quality-improvement project on the incidence of unplanned extubations. By carrying out this quality-improvement project, they were able to decrease the rate of unplanned extubations from 3.55 to 2.59 per 100 intubation days. The study opens debate regarding ...

Stridor is one of the most frequent causes of early extubation failure. The cuff-leak test may help to identify patients at risk to develop post-extubation laryngeal edema. However the discrimination power of the cuff-leak test is highly variable and can be use, at best, to detect patients at risk to develop edema but should not be used to postpone extubation as tracheal extubation can still be...

A difficult extubation!
 An 8 y old male child suffered from Crouzon syndrome, in whom intubation was perceived to be difficult, but extubation expected much more difficult. syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the premature fusion of skull bones (craniosynostosis). This early prevents growing normally and affects shape head face.

Background: With the evolution of anesthesia and surgical procedures, fast track extubation has gained an increased interest, mainly based on the possibility of reducing health costs seemingly without compromising patient care. Aim: To compare two groups of patients submitted to a non-fast track extubation and a fast track extubation protocol after coronary artery bypass graft surgery with card...

OBJECTIVE To update the state of knowledge on unplanned extubations (UEs) in neonatal ICUs. This review focuses on the following topics: incidence, risk factors, reintubation after UE, outcomes, and prevention. METHODS The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant publications from January 1, 1950, through January 30, 2012. Fifteen articles wer...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the rapid shallow breathing index and successful extubation in patients with traumatic brain injury. METHODS This study was a prospective study conducted in patients with traumatic brain injury of both genders who underwent mechanical ventilation for at least two days and who passed a spontaneous breathing trial. The minute volume and respirato...