In four large, nationally representative surveys (N = 11.2 million), American adolescents and emerging adults in the 2010s (Millennials) were significantly less religious than previous generations (Boomers, Generation X) at the same age. The data are from the Monitoring the Future studies of 12th graders (1976-2013), 8th and 10th graders (1991-2013), and the American Freshman survey of entering...

objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of predicting psychological well-being based on spirituality and religiousness. methods: a sample of 300 participants was selected from the whole entrants to shiraz university of medical sciences and shiraz university using a random cluster sampling. the tools of this study were the spiritual scale of ironson, the internal and ...

According to the Religious Openness Hypothesis, the religious and psychological openness of American Christians is obscured by a defensive ghettoization of thought associated with a Religious Fundamentalist Ideological Surround and can be discovered instead within a Biblical Foundationalist Ideological Surround. A test of this claim examined Religious Fundamentalism, Biblical Foundationalism, Q...

Background and Objectives: Due to the negative consequence of girls’ escape, this study was conducted to compare personality, demographic, and religious characteristics of runaway girls and normal ones in Qom city. Methods: In a case control study, 66 single runaway girls and 66 normal girls were selected as experimental group and control group, respectively. Data was culled using inte...

We examined affective forecasting errors as a possible explanation of the perennial appeal of extrinsic values and goals. Study 1 found that although people relatively higher in extrinsic (money, fame, image) compared to intrinsic (growth, intimacy, community) value orientation (REVO) are less happy, they nevertheless believe that attaining extrinsic goals offers a strong potential route to hap...

the basic aim of this research is, to explain the nature of iran educational system from its modernization time till now. accessing this, historical analysis method was used. results show that basic characteristics in iran educational system are: imitating, militarism authority and religious orientation; that every one of them is an outcome arising from the streams that had important roles to e...