PURPOSE To compare various measures of training load (TL) derived from physiological (heart rate [HR]), perceptual (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), and physical (global positioning system [GPS] and accelerometer) data during in-season field-based training for professional soccer. METHODS Fifteen professional male soccer players (age 24.9 ± 5.4 y, body mass 77.6 ± 7.5 kg, height 181.1 ± 6...

In this study, for predicting arterial function and pathogenesis from a mechanical viewpoint, we develop a continuum mechanical model of an arterial wall that embodies residual and active stresses following a traditional anisotropic passive constitutive law. The residual and active stresses are incorporated into finite element methods based on a two-field variational principle described in the ...

In this study, through phenomenological comparison of the velocity-force data of processive motor proteins, including conventional kinesin, cytoplasmic dynein and myosin V, I found that, the ratio between motor velocities of two different ATP concentrations is almost invariant for any substall, superstall or negative external loads. Therefore, the velocity of motors can be well approximated by ...

We obtained simultaneous measurements of sagittal knee laxity in 12 consecutive patients after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), using the Stryker laxity tester and radiostereometric analysis (RSA). The mean anteroposterior (AP) displacement when a 90 N load was applied in both directions was 5.3 +/- 2.7 mm with RSA and 9.8 +/- 1.6 mm with the external device (p < 0.001). ...

The conception of raising dynamic stiffness of electro hydraulic position servo system by flow feedforward compensation is put forward. First, the elementary principle of maintaining piston position unchanged under sudden external force load change by charging additional oil volume is analyzed. Then, a scheme using double servo valves to realize flow feedforward compensation is presented, in wh...

A common approach to external parallel sorting in parallel database query processing is to split the data of initial runs into partitions. These partitions are assigned statically to the processes of the merge phase to produce a globally sorted result. This strategy may lead to low performance if some processes are overloaded caused by data skew or load imbalances. In this paper we describe a n...

Forces in the actin cytoskeleton are generated by small groups of nonprocessive myosin II motors for which stochastic effects are highly relevant. Using a cross-bridge model with the assumptions of fast power-stroke kinetics and equal load sharing between equivalent states, we derive a one-step master equation for the activity of a finite-sized ensemble of mechanically coupled myosin II motors....

This paper presents the stress and displacement fields in a functionally graded material (FGM) caused by a load. The FGM is a graded material of Si₃N₄-based ceramics and is assumed to be of semi-infinite extent. The load is a distributed loading over a rectangular area that is parallel to the external surface of the FGM and either on its external surface or within its interior space. The point-...

The influence of external stresses on the transformation behaviour has been studied for a polycrystalline Fe-3 IMn-SSi alloy exhibiting the y-+& martensitic transformation. Samples have been loaded at temperatures above the M, temperature, cooled with a constant external load to a temperature below the M, temperature and subsequently heated without load to a temperature above the A, temperature...

At room temperature at stall, the flagellar motor of the bacterium Escherichia coli exerts a torque of ~1300 pN nm. At zero external load, it spins ~330 Hz. A robust method for studying the motor near zero load is reviewed here.