This paper investigates the function and formation of spatial language involving landmarks. We argue for two points. First, landmarks have an important function in spatial language. Agents that can use different landmarks and express their choice perform better than agents who cannot. Second, the use of landmarks has a positive effect on evolving systems of spatial relations. Agents that have t...

We propose the novel approach of dynamic affine-invariant shape-appearance model (Aff-SAM) and employ it for handshape classification and sign recognition in sign language (SL) videos. AffSAM offers a compact and descriptive representation of hand configurations as well as regularized model-fitting, assisting hand tracking and extracting handshape features. We construct SA images representing t...

In this paper, facial expressions of the three Turkish presidential candidates Demirtas, Erdogan and Ihsanoglu (in alphabetical order) are analyzed during the publicity speeches featured at TRT (Turkish Radio and Television) on 03.08.2014. FaceReader is used for the analysis where 3D modeling of the face is achieved using the active appearance models (AAM). Over 500 landmark points are tracked ...

We present an algorithm that efficiently tracks a predefined set of landmark points in a time sequence of images. The algorithm iteratively optimizes the correspondences between the point measurements in the images, while allowing for spurious and missing point measurements. This trajectory based approach hypothesizes missing points by interpolation. Spurious measurements are either left out be...

The olm ( Proteus anguinus ) is considered the most representative example of all stygobiont fauna. Nevertheless, it also reported in some spring habitats Friuli Venezia Giulia (North-eastern Italy). Springs are intriguing that border two strongly distinct environments: surface and underground. They may provide environmental pressures to animals promoting new adaptations. aim this study verify ...