Background: Aflatoxins are fungal secondary metabolites negatively affecting ruminant performance; however, little information is available on their impact on rumen fermentation. Aims: This study aimed at determining the effects of different concentrations of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from Aspergillus flavus on in vitro gas production and ruminal fe...

The Gaussian kernel encourages similarity between inputs based on their Euclidean distance. Because we’re not dealing with probabilities which must sum to 1, we can omit the normalization constant found in the Gaussian distribution. But the shape is the same: we strongly encourage similarity among nearby inputs, while as inputs get further away, we encourage similarity by an amount that decreas...

(L1) ∣∣∣∣ ẏ = by, y(0) = x0, ẋ = ax, x(0) = y(t), (L2) ∣∣∣∣ ẏ = ay, y(0) = x0, ẋ = bx, x(0) = y(t). Pour le système (L1), on a clairement x(t) = exp(at)x(0) = exp(at)y(t) = exp(at) exp(bt)y(0) = exp(at) exp(bt)x. Le calcul pour (L2) se fait de la même manière et donne le même résultat. On appelle splitting de Lie les deux méthodes (L1) et (L2). Pour une équation scalaire, ces deux méthodes sont...

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We look for the approximation of exp(A1 + A2) by a product in form exp(x1A1) exp(y1A2) · · · exp(xnA1) exp(ynA2). We specially are interested in minimal approximations, with respect to the number of terms. After having shown some isomorphisms between specific free Lie subalgebras, we will prove the equivalence of the search of such approximations and approximations of exp(A1 + · · ·+ An). The m...

This study investigates the impact of assimilating Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) observations on prediction two typhoons, Nesat and Haitang (2017), using Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) assimilation system Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model. Two quality control (QC) methods, Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD) one-class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM), were employed...

Three experiments compared heifer development systems. In Exp. 1, 299 heifers (253 ± 2 kg) from 3 yr were used to compare dry lot (DL) to grazing corn residue (CR) post weaning. Heifers in the DL consumed a common diet after weaning for 187 d until breeding. The CR heifers grazed for 145 d with a supplement (0.45 kg/d; 28% CP) and were then fed in the DL until breeding. In Exp. 2, 270 heifers (...

Boer and Boer crossbred meat-type does were used in two experiments to determine whether goat milk serum contains leptin and to investigate possible correlations of milk and serum leptin in does and subsequent growth of their offspring. Blood and milk samples were collected within 2 h of kidding (d 0) from 20 (Exp. 1; spring) or 22 does (Exp. 2; the following fall). Blood milk samples were then...

Two experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of whole raw soybeans as a partial or whole replacement for soybean meal in a corn/soybean meal-based feedlot diet. In Exp. 1, 80 crossbred steers (average BW = 441.3 kg) and, in Exp. 2, 96 Angus-sired steers (average BW = 413.7 kg) were blocked by weight and assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments. Treatments were 0, 8, 16, a...