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shape is regarded as one of outward characteristics of islamic seals. this characteristic, which is part of common traits of all different areas of seal studies, could be defined as framework of circumference of seals impression on written materials and documents, which in fact results from the shape of seals surfaces. shape has been considered as one of the ways of recognizing the administrati...

In this position paper, we explore some of the principles and mechanisms that are shared by both software evolution and biological evolution. Our goal is to highlight some of the commonalities between them, to point out some interesting questions that are raised, and to engender discussions within the software engineering research community on this topic. Our preliminary discussion suggests tha...

Changes in landscape structure can greatly affect biological evolution, but the role of such changes in generating macroscopic patterns is still poorly understood [1]. Recent studies suggest that principal processes in species evolution in landscapes are an instance of a mechanism observed in a wide range of complex systems, which we have termed Dual Phase Evolution (DPE) ([2], [3], [6]). Here,...

Culture evolves following a process that is akin to biological evolution, although with some significant differences. At the same time culture has often a collective good value for human groups. This paper studies culture in an evolutionary perspective, with a focus on the implications of group definition for the coexistence of different cultures. A model of cultural evolution is presented wher...

the need for educational supervision in all areas related to teaching and learning activities is inevitable, especially when the need for education is undergoing fundamental changes. with respect to that fundamental evolution document of education can be considered the ministry of education roadmap. therefore, the main issue of this study and critique of fundamental evolution document of educat...

the modern infirmary is the evolutional product of the dialectic interface between medical theories at each time and the outcome of their application in clinical practice. the infirmary as we know it today did not exist during antiquity, but the different precursors of the modern hospital emerged as a result of the interaction between medical theory and practice. during antiquity the hippocrati...

There are many proposed models for protein domain evolution. The main contention [1], however, is between divergent [2] and convergent [3] models of evolution. Divergent evolution proposes that there was an ancestor to all domains that we see today and consequently all domains are historically related to each other. Convergent evolution claims that chance is largely responsible for the appearan...

Today, humans inhabit most of the world's terrestrial habitats. This observation has been explained by the fact that we possess a secondary inheritance mechanism, culture, in addition to a genetic system. Because it is assumed that cultural evolution occurs faster than biological evolution, humans can adapt to new ecosystems more rapidly than other animals. This assumption, however, has never b...