The real driving emissions (RDE) of an in-use gasoline in use diesel light-duty (LD) vehicle , both are SUV type, studied based on portable emission measurement system (PEMS). complying with standard China 6 a mileage about 50000 km, and the this study is 5 130000 km for there hardly any vehicles major city. Special attentions paid their behaviors at high altitude conditions (1300 to 3000 m abo...

BACKGROUND Utility indices are used in cost-effectiveness analyses as a measure of quality of life reflecting the patient's preference for a given health state on a scale anchored at 0 (corresponding to death) to 1 (perfect health). It is uncertain which utility instruments are most suitable for application in patients with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). OBJECTIVES To compare uti...

The aim of this study is to assess long-term metabolic outcomes in children with diabetes mellitus and to compare the efficacy, feasibility and metabolic control expenses for treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), compared to human insulin treatment. The study sample included 34 children aged 3 to 18 years with type 1 diabetes, 17 with continuous subcutaneous insulin in...

OBJECTIVES To assess the concurrent and the construct validity of the Euro-D in older Thai persons. METHOD Eight local psychiatrists used the major depressive episode section of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to interview 150 consecutive psychiatric clinic attendees. A trained interviewer administered the Euro-D. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to a...

This study aimed to develop on-road NOx emission factors for Euro 6b light-duty diesel trucks (LDDTs) in Korea. On-road emissions were measured using portable measurement systems and compared with those the Korean Driving Cycle (KDC), conventional laboratory test used factors. To ensure representativeness of LDDTs factors, five vehicles three models driven along two real driving routes total tr...

The significant consumption of gas in the World results in the emission of greenhouse gases into atmosphere. Abadan refinery has always been the biggest and oldest oil refinery in the Middle East and has a variety of refined products. After six months of collecting data about pollutant concentration emitted from a stack of old furnaces of units 75 and new unit 200, the emission factor of the po...

Health authorities are constantly searching for new ways to stabilise health expenditures. To explore this issue, we compared the costs generated by different types of medical practice in French general medicine: i.e. conventional (CM-GP), homeopathic (Ho-GP), or mixed (Mx-GP).Data from a previous cross-sectional study, EPI3 La-Ser, were used. Three types of cost were analysed: (i) consultation...

Neural networks have been used in the development of intelligent systems that simulate pattern recognition and object identification. Coin identification by machines relies currently on the assessment of the physical parameters of a coin. An intelligent coin identification system that uses coin patterns for identification helps preventing confusion between different coins of similar physical di...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are besides particulate matter (PM), especially for diesel engines, the most relevant emission components. Against this background and the fact that passenger car emission legislation is permanently becoming stricter, there is still a growing interest in minimizing these pollutants. Beside the highly nonlinear behavior of engines also the tradeoff between PM and NOx is a c...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to estimate indirect costs associated with losses in productivity due to sickness absence among registered workers in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data on sick leave durations in 2013 was obtained from the Social Insurance Institution (SII) (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych - ZUS). Based on the number of assumptions, this data was used for calculating absenc...