INTRODUCTION Many drugs are now available for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. They have differing levels of evidence of efficacy and each may be used according to clinical indications. METHODS A Medline search of clinical drug trials using various therapeutic agents used for osteoporosis was carried out. RESULTS Several randomised controlled trials have been carried out using ...

Bisphosphonates like alendronic acid, disodium etidronate, and risedronate are effective for preventing postmenopausal and corticosteroid induced osteoporosis. They are also useful in the treatment of Paget's disease, hypercalcaemia of malignancy and in bony metastases. However osteonecrosis of the jaw has been reported following intravenous bisphosphonate use and rarely in those taking them or...

In English literature, PAM has been reported from 51 countries where 40.6% are from Asia [2]. The mean age at presentation is 35 years [3]. There are two varieties described, familial and sporadic [4]. Autosomal recessive familial form has female preponderance. 50% of patients may be asymptomatic despite fluorid interstitial shadows on chest radiograph, or present with dyspnoea, prolonged cough...

To better understand the therapeutic effectiveness of acupuncture, questions about the underlying mechanisms need to be addressed. Here we describe the impact of manual stimulation by an acupuncture needle of zusanli (stomach 36 [ST36]) on analgesia in rats. The analgesic effect was more pronounced after stimulation of ST36 than after stimulation of a sham point near the acupuncture point. At t...

Progressive replacement resorption following delayed replantation of avulsed teeth has proved to be an intractable clinical problem. A wide variety of therapeutic approaches have failed to result in the predictable arrest of resorption, with a good long-term prognosis for tooth survival. Bisphosphonates are used in the medical management of a range of bone disorders and topically applied bispho...