Pyruvate decreased the rate of free fatty acid release from rat epididymal adipose tissue incubated in vitro by increasing free fatty acid esterification. The magnitude of the pyruvate effect, tested in tissues from fasted, adrenalectomized, or diabetic rats, closely correlated both with the rate of glyceride-glycerol labeling from radioactive pyruvate and with the activity of P-enolpyruvate ca...

Immobilization of lipases has proved to be a useful technique for improving an enzyme's activity in organic solvents. In the present study, the performance of a silica-immobilized lipase was evaluated for the synthesis of isopropyl ferulate in DMSO. The biocatalyst was cross-linked onto the matrix with 1% glutaraldehyde. The effects of various parameters, molar ratio of ferulic acid to isopropy...

Methyl acetate is produced through catalytic esterification of acetic acid with methanol. Catalytic acceleration is induced by sulfuric acid or ion exchange resins respectively. Acceptable product yield is obtained by reactive distillation. Separation and isolation of methyl acetate has to overcome two azeotropes (methyl acetate – water and methyl acetate methanol). Scope of this project has be...

Changes in xanthophyll esterification degree during pepper fruit ripening have been studied in five cultivars (Numex, Mana, Belrubi, Delfin, and Negral). Esterification of xanthophylls with fatty acids is seen to be a process that is contemporary with and directly linked to the transformation of chloroplast (present in the green fruit) into chromoplast (present in the red fruit). Changes in the...

The demonstration of a defect of cholesterol esterification in a mutant strain of BALB/c mice with an attendant reduction of sphingomyelinase activity [Pentchev, P. G., Boothe, A. D., Kruth, H.S., Weintroub, H., Stivers, J. & Brady, R. O. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 5784-5791] prompted us to examine the capacity of cultured human Niemann-Pick fibroblasts to esterify exogenously derived cholester...

Influence of duration of cholesterol feeding on esterification of fatty acids and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters was studied in cell-free preparations of aorta from White Cameau pigeons. Esterification of fatty acids required ATP and CoA; greater than 80* of the esterifying activity was located in the particulate fraction obtained by centrifugation at 105,000 X g (after a preliminary centrifu...

The timing and magnitude of metabolic adaptations in adipose tissue during lactogenesis and lactation were determined in first lactation bovines. In vitro rates of lipogenesis and palmitate esterification were measured to estimate in vivo synthesis. Lipolysis was measured in the basal state and as maximally stimulated by norepinephrine or epinephrine to estimate physiological adaptations as wel...

Fumonisins are a group of polyketide-derived mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides, a filamentous fungus infecting corn and contaminating food and feeds. Fumonisins contain two tricarballylic esters that are critical for toxicity. Here, we present genetic and biochemical data for the esterification mechanism. FUM14 in F. verticillioides has been deleted by homologous recombination, an...

The structural and metabolic integrity of isolated rat liver cells was verified by the high percentage of trypan blue exclusion, a low degree of lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium, a constant rate of gluconeogenesis from L( +)lactate, and increased oxygen consumption following the addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol. Pahnitic acid, incubated in an albumin-bound form with isolated liver cel...