BACKGROUND Internet addiction is a global phenomenon that causes serious problems in mental health and social communication. Students form a vulnerable group, since they have free, easy, and daily access to the internet. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate perceived social support, self-esteem, and internet addiction among Al-Zahra University students. MATERIALS AND METHODS In...

Since 1960s, organizational commitment and its antecedents studied from a single– level view; but the study by taking multilevel approach received less attention. In this research, a conceptual cross– level model of organizational commitment antecedents proposed and tested. Data obtained from 461 faculty members of Tehran major universities. Hierarchical linear models examined using HLM6.08. Re...

objective: stress and other emotional distress are prevalent among cardiovascular patients. this study is performed to investigate the effect of medical counseling on stress and physiological factors of patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (cabg) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (ptca).   methods: this study is of experimental type with pre-test, post-test and c...

As more people connect to the Internet, researchers are beginning to examine the effects of Internet use on users' psychological health. Due in part to a study released by Kraut and colleagues in 1998, which concluded that Internet use is positively correlated with depression, loneliness, and stress, public opinion about the Internet has been decidedly negative. In contrast, the present study w...

patients and methods the study sample included 50 patients with schizophrenia in tuba rehabilitation center in ardabil selected by available sampling method. healthy group participants were selected through cloning by age, gender and marital status of the patient group. the data were collected by the questionnaire of holmes-rahe scale and cohen et al. data were analyzed by multivariate anova (m...

Microaggressions, which are commonplace behavioral or verbal actions that communicate disrespect based on one’s group membership, have historically been conceptualized only in the context of race. This study examined self-investment (an aspect of identification with an important in-group), public self-regard (an aspect of collective self-esteem), and personal self-esteem as predictors of anger ...